ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Abundance trend with condensation temperature for stars with different Galactic birth places

54   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Vardan Adibekyan
 تاريخ النشر 2016
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

During the past decade, several studies reported a correlation between chemical abundances of stars and condensation temperature (also known as Tc trend). However, the real astrophysical nature of this correlation is still debated. The main goal of this work is to explore the possible dependence of the Tc trend on stellar Galactocentric distances, Rmean. We used high-quality spectra of about 40 stars observed with the HARPS and UVES spectrographs to derive precise stellar parameters, chemical abundances, and stellar ages. A differential line-by-line analysis was applied to achieve the highest possible precision in the chemical abundances. We confirm previous results that [X/Fe] abundance ratios depend on stellar age and that for a given age, some elements also show a dependence on Rmean. When using the whole sample of stars, we observe a weak hint that the Tc trend depends on Rmean. The observed dependence is very complex and disappears when only stars with similar ages are considered. To conclude on the possible dependence of the Tc trend on the formation place of stars, a larger sample of stars with very similar atmospheric parameters and stellar ages observed at different Galactocentric distances is needed



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

To understand the formation and evolution of the Milky Way disk, we must connect its current properties to its past. We explore hydrodynamical cosmological simulations to investigate how the chemical abundances of stars might be linked to their origi ns. Using hierarchical clustering of abundance measurements in two Milky Way-like simulations with distributed and steady star formation histories, we find that abundance clusters of stars comprise different groups in birth place ($R_text{birth}$) and time (age). Simulating observational abundance errors (0.05 dex), we find that to trace discrete groups of ($R_text{birth}$, age) requires a large vector of abundances. Using 15-element abundances (Fe, O, Mg, S, Si, C, P, Mn, Ne, Al, N, V, Ba, Cr, Co), up to $approx$ 10 clusters can be defined with $approx$ 25% overlap in ($R_text{birth}$, age). We build a simple model to show that it is possible to infer a stars age and $R_text{birth}$ from abundances with precisions of $pm$0.06 Gyr and $pm$1.17 kpc respectively. We find that abundance clustering is ineffective for a third simulation, where low-$alpha$ stars form distributed in the disc and early high-$alpha$ stars form more rapidly in clumps that sink towards the galactic center as their constituent stars evolve to enrich the interstellar medium. However, this formation path leads to large age-dispersions across the [$alpha$/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane, which is inconsistent with the Milky Ways observed properties. We conclude that abundance clustering is a promising approach toward charting the history of our Galaxy.
We further study the unusual trend we found at statistically significant levels in some globular clusters, including NGC 3201: a decreasing iron abundance in red giants towards the cluster centers. We first show that recently published new estimates of iron abundance in the cluster reproduce this trend, in spite of the authors statement about no metallicity spread due to a low scatter achieved in the [FeII/H] ratio. The mean of [FeII/H] within $R sim 2$ from the cluster center is lower, by $Delta$[FeII/H] = 0.05$pm$0.02 dex, than in the outer region, in agreement with our original estimate for a much larger sample size within $R approx 9$. We found that an older dataset traces the trend to a much larger radial distance, comparable with the cluster tidal radius, at $Delta$[Fe/H]$sim$0.2 dex due to higher metallicity of distant stars. We conclude the trend is reproduced by independent datasets and find that it is accompanied with both a notable same-sign trend of oxygen abundance which can vary by up to $Delta$[O/Fe]$sim$0.3 dex within $R approx 9$, and opposite-sign trend of sodium abundance.
105 - M. Ness , H-W. Rix , David W. Hogg 2017
We explore to which extent stars within Galactic disk open clusters resemble each other in the high-dimensional space of their photospheric element abundances, and contrast this with pairs of field stars. Our analysis is based on abundances for 20 el ements, homogeneously derived from APOGEE spectra (with carefully quantified uncertainties, with a median value of $sim 0.03$ dex). We consider 90 red giant stars in seven open clusters and find that most stars within a cluster have abundances in most elements that are indistinguishable (in a $chi^2$-sense) from those of the other members, as expected for stellar birth siblings. An analogous analysis among pairs of $>1000$ field stars shows that highly significant abundance differences in the 20-dimensional space can be established for the vast majority of these pairs, and that the APOGEE-based abundance measurements have high discriminating power. However, pairs of field stars whose abundances are indistinguishable even at 0.03~dex precision exist: $sim 0.3$ percent of all field star pairs, and $sim 1.0$ percent of field star pairs at the same (solar) metallicity [Fe/H] = $0 pm 0.02$. Most of these pairs are presumably not birth siblings from the same cluster, but rather doppelganger. Our analysis implies that chemical tagging in the strict sense, identifying birth siblings for typical disk stars through their abundance similarity alone, will not work with such data. However, our approach shows that abundances have extremely valuable information for probabilistic chemo-orbital modeling and combined with velocities, we have identified new cluster members from the field.
We calculate the dust formed around AGB and SAGB stars of metallicity Z=0.008 by following the evolution of models with masses in the range 1M<M<8M throughthe thermal pulses phase, and assuming that dust forms via condensation of molecules within a w ind expanding isotropically from the stellar surface. We find that, because of the strong Hot Bottom Burning (HBB) experienced, high mass models produce silicates, whereas lower mass objects are predicted to be surrounded by carbonaceous grains; the transition between the two regimes occurs at a threshold mass of 3.5M. These fndings are consistent with the results presented in a previous investigation, for Z=0.001. However, in the present higher metallicity case, the production of silicates in the more massive stars continues for the whole AGB phase, because the HBB experienced is softer at Z=0.008 than at Z=0.001, thus the oxygen in the envelope, essential for the formation of water molecules, is never consumed completely. The total amount of dust formed for a given mass experiencing HBB increases with metallicity, because of the higher abundance of silicon, and the softer HBB, both factors favouring a higher rate of silicates production. This behaviour is not found in low mass stars,because the carbon enrichment of the stellar surface layers, due to repeated Third Drege Up episodes, is almost independent of the metallicity. Regarding cosmic dust enrichment by intermediate mass stars, we find that the cosmic yield at Z=0.008 is a factor 5 larger than at Z=0.001. In the lower metallicity case carbon dust dominates after about 300 Myr, but at Z=0.008 the dust mass is dominated by silicates at all times,with a prompt enrichment occurring after about 40 Myr, associated with the evolution of stars with masses M =7.5 -8M.
79 - Shuang Gao 2017
The fraction of binary stars (fb) is one of most valuable tool to probe the star formation and evolution of multiple systems in the Galaxy. We focus on the relationship between fb and stellar metallicity ([Fe/H]) by employing the differential radial velocity (DRV) method and the large sample observed by the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). Main-sequence stars from A- to K-types in the third data release (DR3) of LAMOST are selected to estimate fb. Contributions to a profile of DRV from radial velocity (RV) error of single stars (sigma) and orbital motion of binary stars are evaluated from the profile of DRV. Finally, we employ 365,911 stars with randomly repeating spectral observations to present a detailed analysis of fb and sigma in the two-dimensional (2D) space of Teff and [Fe/H]. The A-type stars are more likely to be companions in binary star systems than other stars. Furthermore, the reverse correlation between fb and [Fe/H] can be shown statistically, which suggests that fb is a joint function of Teff and [Fe/H]. At the same time, sigma of the sample for different Teff and [Fe/H] are fitted. Metal-rich cold stars in our sample have the best RV measurement.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا