ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Statistical study of network jets observed in the solar transition region: A comparison between coronal holes and quiet sun regions

340   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Dipankar Banerjee Dr
 تاريخ النشر 2016
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

Recent IRIS observations have revealed a prevalence of intermittent small-scale jets with apparent speeds of 80 - 250 km s$^{-1}$, emanating from small-scale bright regions inside network boundaries of coronal holes. We find that these network jets appear not only in coronal holes but also in quiet-sun regions. Using IRIS 1330A (C II) slit-jaw images, we extract several parameters of these network jets, e.g. apparent speed, length, lifetime and increase in foot-point brightness. Using several observations, we find that some properties of the jets are very similar but others are obviously different between the quiet sun and coronal holes. For example, our study shows that the coronal-hole jets appear to be faster and longer than those in the quiet sun. This can be directly attributed to a difference in the magnetic configuration of the two regions with open magnetic field lines rooted in coronal holes and magnetic loops often present in quiet sun. We have also detected compact bright loops, likely transition region loops, mostly in quiet sun. These small loop-like regions are generally devoid of network jets. In spite of different magnetic structures in the coronal hole and quiet sun in the transition region, there appears to be no substantial difference for the increase in foot-point brightness of the jets, which suggests that the generation mechanism of these network jets is likely the same in both regions.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

We report the smallest coronal jets ever observed in the quiet Sun with recent high resolution observations from the High Resolution Telescopes (HRI-EUV and HRI-Ly{alpha}) of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) onboard Solar Orbiter. In the HRI-EUV (174 {AA}) images, these microjets usually appear as nearly collimated structures with brightenings at their footpoints. Their average lifetime, projected speed, width, and maximum length are 4.6 min, 62 km s^(-1), 1.0 Mm, and 7.7 Mm, respectively. Inverted-Y shaped structures and moving blobs can be identified in some events. A subset of these events also reveal signatures in the HRI-Ly{alpha} (H I Ly{alpha} at 1216 {AA}) images and the extreme ultraviolet images taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Our differential emission measure analysis suggests a multi-thermal nature and an average density of ~1.4x10^9 cm^(-3) for these microjets. Their thermal and kinetic energies were estimated to be ~3.9x10^24 erg and ~2.9x10^23 erg, respectively, which are of the same order of the released energy predicted by the nanoflare theory. Most events appear to be located at the edges of network lanes and magnetic flux concentrations, suggesting that these coronal microjets are likely generated by magnetic reconnection between small-scale magnetic loops and the adjacent network field.
Both coronal plumes and network jets are rooted in network lanes. The relationship between the two, however, has yet to be addressed. For this purpose, we perform an observational analysis using images acquired with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly ( AIA) 171{AA} passband to follow the evolution of coronal plumes, the observations taken by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) slit-jaw 1330{AA} to study the network jets, and the line-of-sight magnetograms taken by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) to overview the the photospheric magnetic features in the regions. Four regions in the network lanes are identified, and labeled ``R1--R4. We find that coronal plumes are clearly seen only in ``R1&R2 but not in ``R3&``R4, even though network jets abound in all these regions. Furthermore, while magnetic features in all these regions are dominated by positive polarity, they are more compact (suggesting stronger convergence) in ``R1&``R2 than that in ``R3&``R4. We develop an automated method to identify and track the network jets in the regions. We find that the network jets rooted in ``R1&``R2 are higher and faster than that in ``R3&``R4,indicating that network regions producing stronger coronal plumes also tend to produce more dynamic network jets. We suggest that the stronger convergence in ``R1&``R2 might provide a condition for faster shocks and/or more small-scale magnetic reconnection events that power more dynamic network jets and coronal plumes.
Coronal holes (CHs) are darker than quiet Sun (QS) when observed in coronal channels. This study aims to understand the similarities and differences between CHs and QS in the transition region using the ion{Si}{4}~1394~{AA} line recorded by the Inter face Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) by considering the distribution of magnetic field measured by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). We find that ion{Si}{4} intensities obtained in CHs are lower than those obtained in QS for regions with identical magnetic flux densities. Moreover, the difference in intensities between CHs and QS increases with increasing magnetic flux. For the regions with equal magnetic flux density, QS line profiles are more redshifted than those measured in CHs. Moreover, the blue shifts measured in CHs show an increase with increasing magnetic flux density unlike in the QS. The non-thermal velocities in QS, as well as in CHs, show an increase with increasing magnetic flux. However, no significant difference was observed in QS and CHs, albeit a small deviation at small flux densities. Using these results, we propose a unified model for the heating of the corona in the QS and in CHs and the formation of the solar wind.
Coronal plumes are bright magnetic funnels found in quiet regions (QRs) and coronal holes (CHs). They extend high into the solar corona and last from hours to days. The heating processes of plumes involve dynamics of the magnetic field at their base, but the processes themselves remain mysterious. Recent observations suggest that plume heating is a consequence of magnetic flux cancellation and/or convergence at the plume base. These studies suggest that the base flux in plumes is of mixed polarity, either obvious or hidden in SDO HMI data, but do not quantify it. To investigate the magnetic origins of plume heating, we select ten unipolar network flux concentrations, four in CHs, four in QRs, and two that do not form a plume, and track plume luminosity in SDO AIA 171 A images along with the base flux in SDO HMI magnetograms, over each flux concentrations lifetime. We find that plume heating is triggered when convergence of the base flux surpasses a field strength of 200 to 600 G. The luminosity of both QR and CH plumes respond similarly to the field in the plume base, suggesting that the two have a common formation mechanism. Our examples of non-plume-forming flux concentrations, reaching field strengths of 200 G for a similar number of pixels as for a couple of our plumes, suggest that a critical field might be necessary to form a plume but is not sufficient for it, thus, advocating for other mechanisms, e.g. flux cancellation due to hidden opposite-polarity field, at play.
Rapid Blue- and Red-shifted Excursions (RBEs and RREs) are likely to be the on-disk counterparts of Type II spicules. Recently, heating signatures from RBEs/RREs have been detected in IRIS slit-jaw images dominated by transition-region lines around n etwork patches. Additionally, signatures of Type II spicules have been observed in AIA diagnostics. The full-disk, ever-present nature of the AIA diagnostics should provide us with sufficient statistics to directly determine how important RBEs and RREs are to the heating of the transition region and corona. We find, with high statistical significance, that at least 11% of the low-coronal brightenings detected in a quiet-Sun region in 304, can be attributed to either RBEs or RREs as observed in Halpha, and a 6% match of 171 detected events to RBEs or RREs with very similar statistics for both types of Halpha features. We took a statistical approach that allows for noisy detections in the coronal channels and provides us with a lower, but statistical significant, bound. Further, we consider matches based on overlapping features in both time and space, and find strong visual indications of further correspondence between coronal events and co-evolving but non-overlapping, RBEs and RREs.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا