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On the twentieth anniversary of the observation of the top quark, we trace our understanding of this heaviest of all known particles from the prediction of its existence, through the searches and discovery, to the current knowledge of its production mechanisms and properties. We also discuss the central role of the top quark in the Standard Model and the windows that it opens for seeking new physics beyond the Standard Model.
The top quark, the heaviest known elementary particle discovered at the Fermilab Tevatron more than twenty years ago, has taken a central role in the study of fundamental interactions. Due to its large mass, the top quark provides a unique environmen
Recent top quark event modeling studies done using LHC proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at centre of mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV and state-of-the-art theoretical predictions are summarized. A new factorized approach for
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed future high-luminosity linear electron-positron collider operating at three energy stages, with nominal centre-of-mass energies: 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV, and 3 TeV. Its aim is to explore the energy frontier,
A search for dark matter produced in association with a top quark pair is presented. The search is performed using 19.7 $mathrm{fb^{-1}}$ of proton-proton collisions recorded at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The s
The top quark physics has entered the precision era. The CDF and D0 collaborations are finalizing their legacy results of the properties of the top quark after the shutdown of the Fermilab Tevatron three years ago. The ATLAS and CMS collaborations ha