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The structure of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) jets impacts on their prompt and afterglow emission properties. Insights into the still unknown structure of GRBs can be achieved by studying how different structures impact on the luminosity function (LF): i) we show that low ($10^{46} < L_{rm iso} < 10^{48}$ erg/s) and high (i.e. with $L_{rm iso} > 10^{50}$ erg/s) luminosity GRBs can be described by a unique LF; ii) we find that a uniform jet (seen on- and off-axis) as well as a very steep structured jet (i.e. $epsilon(theta) propto theta^{-s}$ with $s > 4$) can reproduce the current LF data; iii) taking into account the emission from the whole jet (i.e. including contributions from mildly relativistic, off-axis jet elements) we find that $E_{rm iso}(theta_{rm v})$ (we dub this quantity apparent structure) can be very different from the intrinsic structure $epsilon(theta)$: in particular, a jet with a Gaussian intrinsic structure has an apparent structure which is more similar to a power law. This opens a new viewpoint on the quasi-universal structured jet hypothesis.
After being launched, GRB jets propagate through dense media prior to their breakout. The jet-medium interaction results in the formation of a complex structured outflow, often referred to as a structured jet. The underlying physics of the jet-medium
We report polarization measurements in two prompt emissions of gamma-ray bursts, GRB 110301A and GRB 110721A, observed with the Gamma-ray burst polarimeter (GAP) aboard IKAROS solar sail mission. We detected linear polarization signals from each burs
If X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray rich Gamma-ray Bursts(XRRGs) have the same origin with Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) but are viewed from larger angles of structured jets, their early afterglows may differ from those of GRBs. When the ultra-relativistic o
The interaction of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets with the dense media into which they are launched promote the growth of local hydrodynamic instabilities along the jet boundary. In a companion paper we study the evolution of hydrodynamic (unmagnetized)
We present a generic theoretical model for the structuring of a relativistic jet propagating through the ejecta of a binary neutron star merger event, introducing the effects of the neutron conversion-diffusion, which provides a baryon flux propagati