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The energy band structure of a rotating BEC with a link in a quasi-one-dimensional torus and the role of dissipation is studied. Through this study we are able to give a microscopic interpretation of hysteresis recently observed in the experiment and we confirm that the hysteresis is the result of the presence of metastable state. We consider of both the adiabatic change and the instantaneous change of the rotation, and exhibit the differences between them. It is found that the sharp and size of the hysteresis loop change drastically with the strength of the link.
Atomtronics is an emerging interdisciplinary field that seeks new functionality by creating devices and circuits where ultra-cold atoms, often superfluids, play a role analogous to the electrons in electronics. Hysteresis is widely used in electronic
Superfluidity in its various forms has fascinated scientists since the observation of frictionless flow in liquid helium II. In three spatial dimensions (3D), it is conceptually associated with the emergence of long-range order (LRO) at a critical te
Recent advances in cooling techniques make now possible the experimental study of quantum phase transitions, which are transitions near absolute zero temperature accessed by varying a control parameter. A paradigmatic example is the superfluid-Mott t
Rydberg atoms in optical tweezer arrays provide a playground for nonequilibrium quantum many-body physics. The PXP model describes the dynamics of such systems in the strongly interacting Rydberg blockade regime and notably exhibits weakly nonergodic
We propose a realization of mesonic and baryonic quasiparticle excitations in Rydberg atom arrays with programmable interactions. Recent experiments have shown that such systems possess a $mathbb{Z}_3$-ordered crystalline phase whose low-energy quasi