ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Hybrid inflation models are especially interesting as they lead to a spike in the density power spectrum on small scales, compared to the CMB, while also satisfying current bounds on tensor modes. Here we study hybrid inflation with $N$ waterfall fields sharing a global $SO(N)$ symmetry. The inclusion of many waterfall fields has the obvious advantage of avoiding topologically stable defects for $N>3$. We find that it also has another advantage: it is easier to engineer models that can simultaneously (i) be compatible with constraints on the primordial spectral index, which tends to otherwise disfavor hybrid models, and (ii) produce a spike on astrophysically large length scales. The latter may have significant consequences, possibly seeding the formation of astrophysically large black holes. We calculate correlation functions of the time-delay, a measure of density perturbations, produced by the waterfall fields, as a convergent power series in both $1/N$ and the fields correlation function $Delta(x)$. We show that for large $N$, the two-point function is $<delta t({bf x}),delta t({bf 0})>,proptoDelta^2(|{bf x}|)/N$ and the three-point function is $<delta t({bf x}),delta t({bf y}),delta t({bf 0})>,proptoDelta(|{bf x}-{bf y}|)Delta(|{bf x}|)Delta(|{bf y}|)/N^2$. In accordance with the central limit theorem, the density perturbations on the scale of the spike are Gaussian for large $N$ and non-Gaussian for small $N$.
We examine the deviation of Cold Dark Matter particle trajectories from the Newtonian result as the size of the region under study becomes comparable to or exceeds the particle horizon. To first order in the gravitational potential, the general relat
We revisit the effects of an early matter-dominated era on gravitational waves induced by scalar perturbations. We carefully take into account the evolution of the gravitational potential, the source of these induced gravitational waves, during a gra
We estimate large-scale curvature perturbations from isocurvature fluctuations in the waterfall field during hybrid inflation, in addition to the usual inflaton field perturbations. The tachyonic instability at the end of inflation leads to an explos
Massive fields during inflation provide an interesting opportunity to test new physics at very high energy scales. Meanwhile in fundamental realizations, the inflationary field space typically has a curved geometry, which may leave detectable imprint
We use WMAP 9-year and other CMB data to constrain cosmological models where the primordial perturbations have both an adiabatic and a (possibly correlated) neutrino density (NDI), neutrino velocity (NVI), or cold dark matter density (CDI) isocurvatu