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In Spring 2011 we observed Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy, with XMM-Newton with a total exposure of ~226 ks in coordination with the 1.3 mm VLBI. We have performed timing analysis of the X-ray emission from Sgr A* using Bayesian blocks algorithm to detect X-ray flares observed with XMM-Newton. Furthermore, we computed X-ray smoothed light curves observed in this campaign in order to have better accuracy on the position and the amplitude of the flares. We detected 2 X-ray flares on the 2011 March 30 and April 3 which have for comparison a peak detection level of 6.8 and 5.9 sigma in the XMM-Newton/EPIC light curve in the 2-10 keV energy range with a 300 s bin. The former is characterized by 2 sub-flares: the first one is very short (~458 s) with a peak luminosity of ~9.4E34 erg/s whereas the second one is longer (~1542 s) with a lower peak luminosity of ~6.8E34 erg/s. The comparison with the sample of X-ray flares detected during the 2012 Chandra XVP campaign favors the hypothesis that the 2011 March 30 flare is a single flare rather than 2 distinct sub-flares. We model the light curve of this flare with the gravitational lensing of a simple hotspot-like structure but we can not satisfactorily reproduce the large decay of the light curve between the 2 sub-flares with this model. From magnetic energy heating during the rise phase of the first sub-flare and assuming an X-ray photons production efficiency of 1 and a magnetic field of 100 G at 2 r_g, we derive an upper limit to the radial distance of the first sub-flare of 100 r_g. We estimate using the decay phase of the first sub-flare a lower limit to the radial distance of 4 r_g from synchrotron cooling in the infrared. The X-ray emitting region of the first sub-flare is located at a radial position of 4-100 and has a corresponding radius of 1.8-2.87 in r_g unit for a magnetic field of 100 G at 2 r_g.
Over the last decade, X-ray observations of Sgr A* have revealed a black hole in a deep sleep, punctuated roughly once per day by brief flares. The extreme X-ray faintness of this supermassive black hole has been a long-standing puzzle in black hole
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