ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Millisecond Pulsars (MSPs) are fast rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars. According to the canonical recycling scenario, MSPs form in binary systems containing a neutron star which is spun up through mass accretion from the evolving companion. Therefore, the final stage consists of a binary made of a MSP and the core of the deeply peeled companion. In the last years, however an increasing number of systems deviating from these expectations has been discovered, thus strongly indicating that our understanding of MSPs is far to be complete. The identification of the optical companions to binary MSPs is crucial to constrain the formation and evolution of these objects. In dense environments such as Globular Clusters (GCs), it also allows us to get insights on the cluster internal dynamics. By using deep photometric data, acquired both from space and ground-based telescopes, we identified 5 new companions to MSPs. Three of them being located in GCs and two in the Galactic Field. The three new identifications in GCs increased by 50% the number of such objects known before this Thesis. They all are non-degenerate stars, at odds with the expectations of the canonical recycling scenario. These results therefore suggest either that transitory phases should also be taken into account, or that dynamical processes, as exchange interactions, play a crucial role in the evolution of MSPs. We also performed a spectroscopic follow-up of the companion to PSR J1740-5340A in the GC NGC 6397, confirming that it is a deeply peeled star descending from a ~0.8$M_{odot}$ progenitor. This nicely confirms the theoretical expectations about the formation and evolution of MSPs.
Optical observations of the companions of pulsars can help determine the properties of the binaries, as well as those of their components, and give clues to the preceding evolution. In this review, we first describe the different classes of binary pu
Milli-second pulsars (MSPs) are rapidly spinning neutron stars, with spin periods P_s <= 10 ms, which have been most likely spun up after a phase of matter accretion from a companion star. In this work we present the results of the search for the com
A new population of neutron stars has emerged during the last decade: compact binary millisecond pulsars (CBMSPs). Because these pulsars and their companion stars are in tight orbits with typical separations of $10^{11}$ cm, their winds interact stro
We present optical high-speed photometry of three millisecond pulsars with low-mass ($< 0.3 M_{odot}$) white dwarf companions, bringing the total number of such systems with follow-up time-series photometry to five. We confirm the detection of pulsat
Model-independent distance constraints to binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are of great value to both the timing observations of the radio pulsars, and multiwavelength observations of their companion stars. Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) a