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We demonstrate magnetization switching in out-of-plane magnetized TaCoFeBMgO nanowires by current pulse injection along the nanowires, both with and without a constant and uniform magnetic field collinear to the current direction. We deduce that an effective torque arising from spin-orbit effects in the multilayer drives the switching mechanism. While the generation of a component of the magnetization along the current direction is crucial for the switching to occur, we observe that even without a longitudinal field thermally generated magnetization fluctuations can lead to switching. Analysis using a generalized Neel-Brown model enables key parameters of the thermally induced spin-orbit torques switching process to be estimated, such as the attempt frequency and the effective energy barrier.
The ability to switch magnetic elements by spin-orbit-induced torques has recently attracted much attention for a path towards high-performance, non-volatile memories with low power consumption. Realizing efficient spin-orbit-based switching requires
Spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching of ferromagnets with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy has a great potential for the next-generation non-volatile magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM). It requires a high-performance pure
Symmetry breaking is a characteristic to determine which branch of a bifurcation system follows upon crossing a critical point. Specifically, in spin-orbit torque (SOT) devices, a fundamental question arises: how to break the symmetry of the perpendi
Using type-x spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching scheme, in which the easy axis (EA) of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer and the charge current flow direction are collinear, is possible to realize a lower-power-consumption, higher-density, and better-perfo
Current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) are of interest for fast and energy-efficient manipulation of magnetic order in spintronic devices. To be deterministic, however, switching of perpendicularly magnetized materials by SOT requires a mechanism