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Works of D. Tsiklauri, T. Haruki, Phys. of Plasmas, 15, 102902 (2008) and D. Tsiklauri and T. Haruki, Phys. of Plasmas, 14, 112905, (2007) are extended by inclusion of the out-of-plane magnetic (guide) field. In particular, magnetic reconnection during collisionless, stressed $X$-point collapse for varying out-of-plane guide-fields is studied using a kinetic, 2.5D, fully electromagnetic, relativistic particle-in-cell numerical code. Cases for both open and closed boundary conditions are investigated, where magnetic flux and particles are lost and conserved respectively. It is found that reconnection rates and out-of-plane currents in the $X$-point increase more rapidly and peak sooner in the closed boundary case, but higher values are reached in the open boundary case. The normalized reconnection rate is fast: 0.10-0.25. In the open boundary case an increase of guide-field yields later onsets in the reconnection peak rates, while in the closed boundary case initial peak rates occur sooner but are suppressed. The reconnection current increases for low guide-fields but then decreases similarly. In the open boundary case, for guide-fields of the order of the in-plane magnetic field, the generation of electron vortices occurs. Possible causes of the vortex generation, based on the flow of particles in the diffusion region and localized plasma heating, are discussed. Before peak reconnection onset, oscillations in the out-of-plane electric field at the $X$-point are found, ranging in frequency from approximately 1 to 2 $omega_{pe}$ and coinciding with oscillatory reconnection. These oscillations are found to be part of a larger wave pattern. Mapping the out-of-plane electric field over time and applying 2D Fourier transforms reveals that the waves predominantly correspond to the ordinary mode and may correspond to observable radio waves such as solar radio burst fine structure spikes.
The out-of-plane magnetic field, generated by fast magnetic reconnection, during collisionless, stressed $X$-point collapse, was studied with a kinetic, 2.5D, fully electromagnetic, relativistic particle-in-cell numerical code, using both closed (flu
Particle-in-Cell simulations of collisionless magnetic reconnection with a guide field reveal for the first time the three dimensional features of the low density regions along the magnetic reconnection separatrices, the so-called cavities. It is fou
Particle dynamics in the electron current layer in collisionless magnetic reconnection is investigated by using a particle-in-cell simulation. Electron motion and velocity distribution functions are studied by tracking self-consistent trajectories. N
In a magnetized, collisionless plasma, the magnetic moment of the constituent particles is an adiabatic invariant. An increase in the magnetic-field strength in such a plasma thus leads to an increase in the thermal pressure perpendicular to the fiel
A model of global magnetic reconnection rate in relativistic collisionless plasmas is developed and validated by the fully kinetic simulation. Through considering the force balance at the upstream and downstream of the diffusion region, we show that