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We assume cold dark matter to possess a small bulk-viscous pressure which typically attenuates the growth of inhomogeneities. Explicit calculations, based on Eckarts theory of dissipative processes, reveal that for viscous cold dark matter the usual Newtonian approximation for perturbation scales smaller than the Hubble scale is no longer valid. We advocate the use of a neo-Newtonian approach which consistently incorporates pressure effects into the fluid dynamics and correctly reproduces the general relativistic dynamics. This result is of interest for numerical simulations of nonlinear structure formation involving nonstandard dark-matter fluids. We obtain upper limits on the magnitude of the viscous pressure by requiring that relevant perturbation amplitudes should grow sufficiently to enter the nonlinear stage.
We discuss the possibility to implement a viscous cosmological model, attributing to the dark matter component a behaviour described by bulk viscosity. Since bulk viscosity implies negative pressure, this rises the possibility to unify the dark secto
In this work, we study the extended viscous dark energy models in the context of matter perturbations. To do this, we assume an alternative interpretation of the flat Friedmann-Lema^itre-Robertson-Walker Universe, through the nonadditive entropy and
We study how the cosmological constraints from growth data are improved by including the measurements of bias from Dark Energy Survey (DES). In particular, we utilize the biasing properties of the DES Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) and the growth data
A suitable nonlinear interaction between dark matter with an energy density $rho_{M}$ and dark energy with an energy density $rho_{X}$ is known to give rise to a non-canonical scaling $rho_{M} propto rho_{X}a^{-xi}$ where $xi$ is a parameter which ge
We consider Tsallis cosmology as an approach to thermodynamic gravity and derive the bound on the Tsallis parameter to be $beta<2$ by using the constraints derived from the formation of the primordial light elements, Helium, Deuterium and Litium, fro