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We study integral representation of so-called $d$-dimensional Catalan numbers $C_{d}(n)$, defined by $[prod_{p=0}^{d-1} frac{p!}{(n+p)!}] (d n)!$, $d = 2, 3, ...$, $n=0, 1, ...$. We prove that the $C_{d}(n)$s are the $n$th Hausdorff power moments of positive functions $W_{d}(x)$ defined on $xin[0, d^d]$. We construct exact and explicit forms of $W_{d}(x)$ and demonstrate that they can be expressed as combinations of $d-1$ hypergeometric functions of type $_{d-1}F_{d-2}$ of argument $x/d^d$. These solutions are unique. We analyse them analytically and graphically. A combinatorially relevant, specific extension of $C_{d}(n)$ for $d$ even in the form $D_{d}(n)=[prod_{p = 0}^{d-1} frac{p!}{(n+p)!}] [prod_{q = 0}^{d/2 - 1} frac{(2 n + 2 q)!}{(2 q)!}]$ is analyzed along the same lines.
In this paper we show that many well-known counting coefficients, including the Catalan numbers, the Motzkin numbers, the central binomial coefficients, the central Delannoy numbers are Hausdorff moment sequences in a unified approach. In particular
Given a permutation $f$, we study the positroid Catalan number $C_f$ defined to be the torus-equivariant Euler characteristic of the associated open positroid variety. We introduce a class of repetition-free permutations and show that the correspondi
The classical parking functions, counted by the Cayley number (n+1)^(n-1), carry a natural permutation representation of the symmetric group S_n in which the number of orbits is the nth Catalan number. In this paper, we will generalize this setup to
We first establish the result that the Narayana polynomials can be represented as the integrals of the Legendre polynomials. Then we represent the Catalan numbers in terms of the Narayana polynomials by three different identities. We give three diffe
We relate the mixed Hodge structure on the cohomology of open positroid varieties (in particular, their Betti numbers over $mathbb{C}$ and point counts over $mathbb{F}_q$) to Khovanov--Rozansky homology of associated links. We deduce that the mixed H