ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Chemical surface inhomogeneities in late B-type stars with Hg and Mn peculiarity I Spot evolution in HD 11753 on short and long time scales

63   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Heidi Korhonen
 تاريخ النشر 2013
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English
 تأليف H.Korhonen




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

Aims: Time series of high-resolution spectra of the late B-type star HD 11753 exhibiting HgMn chemical peculiarity are used to study the surface distribution of different chemical elements and their temporal evolution. Methods: High-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra were obtained using the CORALIE spectrograph at La Silla in 2000, 2009, and 2010. Surface maps of YII, SrII, TiII, and CrII were calculated using the Doppler imaging technique. The results were also compared to equivalent width measurements. The evolution of chemical spots both on short and long time scales were investigated. Results: We determine the binary orbit of HD 11753 and fine-tune the rotation period of the primary. The earlier discovered fast evolution of the chemical spots is confirmed by an analysis using both the chemical spot maps and equivalent width measurements. In addition, a long-term decrease in the overall YII and SrII abundances is discovered. A detailed analysis of the chemical spot configurations reveals some possible evidence that a very weak differential rotation is operating in HD 11753.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

Weak magnetic fields have recently been detected in a number of A-type stars, including Vega and Sirius. At the same time, space photometry observations of A- and late B-type stars from Kepler and TESS have highlighted the existence of rotational mod ulation of surface features akin to stellar spots. Here we explore the possibility that surface magnetic spots might be caused by the presence of small envelope convective layers at or just below the stellar surface, caused by recombination of H and He. Using 1D stellar evolution calculations and assuming an equipartition dynamo, we make simple estimates of field strength at the photosphere. For most models the largest effects are caused by a convective layer driven by second helium ionization. While it is difficult to predict the geometry of the magnetic field, we conclude that the majority of intermediate-mass stars should have dynamo-generated magnetic fields of order a few gauss at the surface. These magnetic fields can appear at the surface as bright spots, and cause photometric variability via rotational modulation, which could also be wide-spread in A-stars. The amplitude of surface magnetic fields and their associated photometric variability is expected to decrease with increasing stellar mass and surface temperature, so that magnetic spots and their observational effects should be much harder to detect in late B-type stars.
We summarize the properties of the new periodic, small amplitude, variable stars recently discovered in the open cluster NGC 3766. They are located in the region of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram between delta Sct and slowly pulsating B stars, a reg ion where no sustained pulsation is predicted by standard models. The origin of their periodic variability is currently unknown. We also discuss how the Gaia mission, to be launched at the end of 2013, can contribute to our knowledge of those stars.
Manganese (Mn) is a key Fe-group elements, commonly employed in stellar population and nucleosynthesis studies to explore the role of SN Ia. We have developed a new non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) model of Mn, including new photo-ionisatio n cross-sections and new transition rates caused by collisions with H and H- atoms. We applied the model in combination with 1-dimensional (1D) LTE model atmospheres and 3D hydrodynamical simulations of stellar convection to quantify the impact of NLTE and convection on the line formation. We show that the effects of NLTE are present in Mn I and, to a lesser degree, in Mn II lines, and these increase with metallicity and with effective temperature of a model. Employing 3D NLTE radiative transfer, we derive new abundance of Mn in the Sun, A(Mn)=5.52 +/- 0.03 dex, consistent with the element abundance in C I meteorites. We also apply our methods to the analysis of three metal-poor benchmark stars. We find that 3D NLTE abundances are significantly higher than 1D LTE. For dwarfs, the differences between 1D NLTE and 3D NLTE abundances are typically within 0.15 dex, however, the effects are much larger in the atmospheres of giants owing to their more vigorous convection. We show that 3D NLTE successfully solves the ionisation and excitation balance for the RGB star HD 122563 that cannot be achieved by 1D LTE or 1D NLTE modelling. For HD 84937 and HD 140283, the ionisation balance is satisfied, however, the resonance Mn I triplet lines still show somewhat lower abundances compared to the high-excitation lines. Our results for the benchmark stars confirm that 1D LTE modelling leads to significant systematic biases in Mn abundances across the full wavelength range from the blue to the IR. We also produce a list of Mn lines that are not significantly biased by 3D and can be reliably, within the 0.1 dex uncertainty, modelled in 1D NLTE.
Older GCE models predict [K/Fe] ratios as much as 1 dex lower than those inferred from stellar observations. Abundances of potassium are mainly based on analyses of the 7698 $AA$ resonance line, and the discrepancy between models and observations is in part caused by the LTE assumption. We study the statistical equilibrium of KI, focusing on the non-LTE effects on the $7698 AA$ line. We aim to determine how non-LTE abundances of K can improve the analysis of its chemical evolution, and help to constrain the yields of models. We construct a model atom that employs the most up-to-date data. In particular, we calculate and present inelastic e+K collisional excitation cross-sections from the convergent close-coupling and the $B$-Spline $R$-matrix methods, and H+K collisions from the two-electron model. We constructed a fine grid of non-LTE abundance corrections that span $4000<teff / rm{K}<8000$, $0.50<lgg<5.00$, $-5.00<feh<+0.50$, and applied the corrections to abundances from the literature. In concordance with previous studies, we find severe non-LTE effects in the $7698 AA$ line, which is stronger in non-LTE with abundance corrections that can reach $sim-0.7,dex$. We explore the effects of atmospheric inhomogeneity by computing a full 3D non-LTE stellar spectrum of KI for a test star. We find that 3D is necessary to predict a correct shape of the resonance 7698 $AA$ line, but the line strength is similar to that found in 1D non-LTE. Our non-LTE abundance corrections reduce the scatter and change the cosmic trends of literature K abundances. In the regime [Fe/H]$lesssim-1.0$ the non-LTE abundances show a good agreement with the GCE model with yields from rotating massive stars. The reduced scatter of the non-LTE corrected abundances of a sample of solar twins shows that line-by-line differential analysis techniques cannot fully compensate for systematic modelling errors.
We have investigated the time variations in the light curves from a sample of long and short Fermi/GBM Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) using an impartial wavelet analysis. The results indicate that in the source frame, the variability time scales for long bu rsts differ from that for short bursts, that variabilities on the order of a few milliseconds are not uncommon, and that an intriguing relationship exists between the minimum variability time and the burst duration.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا