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Strongly correlated quantum fluids are phases of matter that are intrinsically quantum mechanical, and that do not have a simple description in terms of weakly interacting quasi-particles. Two systems that have recently attracted a great deal of interest are the quark-gluon plasma, a plasma of strongly interacting quarks and gluons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and ultracold atomic Fermi gases, very dilute clouds of atomic gases confined in optical or magnetic traps. These systems differ by more than 20 orders of magnitude in temperature, but they were shown to exhibit very similar hydrodynamic flow. In particular, both fluids exhibit a robustly low shear viscosity to entropy density ratio which is characteristic of quantum fluids described by holographic duality, a mapping from strongly correlated quantum field theories to weakly curved higher dimensional classical gravity. This review explores the connection between these fields, and it also serves as an introduction to the Focus Issue of New Journal of Physics on Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids: from Ultracold Quantum Gases to QCD Plasmas. The presentation is made accessible to the general physics reader and includes discussions of the latest research developments in all three areas.
We give a pedagogical review of how concepts from quantum information theory build up the gravitational side of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The review is self-contained in that it only presupposes knowledge of quantum mechanics and general relativity
Background: The high momentum distribution of atoms in two spin-state ultra-cold atomic gases with strong short-range interactions between atoms with different spins, which can be described using Tans contact, are dominated by short range pairs of di
We present a suite of holographic quantum algorithms for efficient ground-state preparation and dynamical evolution of correlated spin-systems, which require far-fewer qubits than the number of spins being simulated. The algorithms exploit the equiva
The method of functional renormalization is applied to the theoretical investigation of ultracold quantum gases. Flow equations are derived for a Bose gas with approximately pointlike interaction, for a Fermi gas with two (hyperfine) spin components
We discuss the Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) method applied to dilute neutron matter at finite temperatures. We formulate the discrete Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation for the interaction with finite effective range which is free fro