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This work describes the scientific basis and associated simulation results for the magnetization of an unmagnetized plasma via beat wave current drive. Two-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations have been performed for a variety of angles between the injected waves to demonstrate beat wave generation in agreement with theoretical predictions of the beat-wave wave vector and saturation time, revealing new 2D effects. The simulations clearly demonstrate electron acceleration by the beat waves and resultant current drive and magnetic field generation. The basic process depends entirely on the angle between the parent waves and the ratio of the beat-wave phase velocity to the electron thermal velocity. The wave to magnetic energy conversion efficiency of the cases examined is as high as 0.2%. The technique could enable novel plasma experiments in which the use of magnetic coils is infeasible.
The interaction of two lasers with a difference frequency near that of the ambient plasma frequency produces beat waves that can resonantly accelerate thermal electrons. These beat waves can be used to drive electron current and thereby embed magneti
As a new spherical tokamak (ST) designed to simplify engineering requirements of a possible future fusion power source, the EXL-50 experiment features a low aspect ratio (A) vacuum vessel (VV), encircling a central post assembly containing the toroid
In the classic Landau damping initial value problem, where a planar electrostatic wave transfers energy and momentum to resonant electrons, a recoil reaction occurs in the nonresonant particles to ensure momentum conservation. To explain how net curr
Recent laboratory experiments with laser-produced plasmas have observed and studied a number of fundamental physical processes relevant to magnetized astrophysical plasmas, including magnetic reconnection, collisionless shocks, and magnetic field gen
Sawtooth control using steerable electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) has been demonstrated in ASDEX Upgrade plasmas with a significant population of energetic ions in the plasma core and long uncontrolled sawtooth periods. The sawtooth period is