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Heterostructures and superlattices consisting of a prototype Mott insulator, GdTiO3, and the band insulator SrTiO3 are grown by molecular beam epitaxy and show intrinsic electronic reconstruction, approximately 1/2 electron per surface unit cell at each GdTiO3/SrTiO3 interface. The sheet carrier densities in all structures containing more than one unit cell of SrTiO3 are independent of layer thicknesses and growth sequences, indicating that the mobile carriers are in a high concentration, two-dimensional electron gas bound to the interface. These carrier densities closely meet the electrostatic requirements for compensating the fixed charge at these polar interfaces. Based on the experimental results, insights into interfacial band alignments, charge distribution and the influence of different electrostatic boundary conditions are obtained.
Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) confined in quantum wells at insulating oxide interfaces have attracted much attention as their electronic properties display a rich physics with various electronics orders such as superconductivity and magnetism.
We have measured photoemission spectra of SrTiO3/LaTiO3 superlattices with a topmost SrTiO3 layer of variable thickness. Finite coherent spectral weight with a clear Fermi cut-off was observed at chemically abrupt SrTiO3/LaTiO3 interfaces, indicating
Using a low-temperature conductive-tip atomic force microscope in cross-section geometry we have characterized the local transport properties of the metallic electron gas that forms at the interface between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3. At low temperature, we f
In recent years, striking discoveries have revealed that two-dimensional electron liquids (2DEL) confined at the interface between oxide band-insulators can be engineered to display a high mobility transport. The recognition that only few interfaces
We report that in unannealed LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterostructures the critical thickness for the appearance of the two-dimensional electron gas can be less than 4 unit cell (uc), the interface is conducting even for STO substrates with mixed term