ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We compare three attempts that have been made to decompose the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field into components of an orbital and spin nature. All three expressions are different and it appears, on the basis of classical electrodynamics, that there is no preferred way of decomposing the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field into orbital and spin components, even in an inertial frame.
A decomposition of the angular momentum of the classical electromagnetic field into orbital and spin components that is manifestly gauge invariant and general has been obtained. This is done by decomposing the electric field into its longitudinal and
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is an attractive degree of freedom for funda- mentals studies in quantum mechanics. In addition, the discrete unbounded state-space of OAM has been used to enhance classical and quantum communications. Unambigu
A quasi-continuous composite perfect electric conductor-perfect magnetic conductor metasurface and a systematic metasurface design process are proposed for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) generation. The metasurfaces reflect the incident left circ
Electromagnetic (EM) waves with helical wavefront carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), which is associated with the azimuthal phase of the complex electric field. OAM is a new degree of freedom in EM waves and is promising for channel multiplexing i
In this work we experimentally implement a deterministic transfer of a generic qubit initially encoded in the orbital angular momentum of a single photon to its polarization. Such transfer of quantum information, completely reversible, has been imple