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This paper describes precise measurements of the thermal neutron flux in the LSM underground laboratory in proximity of the EDELWEISS-II dark matter search experiment together with short measurements at various other locations. Monitoring of the flux of thermal neutrons is accomplished using a mobile detection system with low background proportional counter filled with $^3$He. On average 75 neutrons per day are detected with a background level below 1 count per day (cpd). This provides a unique possibility of a day by day study of variations of the neutron field in a deep underground site. The measured average 4$pi$ neutron flux per cm$^{2}$ in the proximity of EDELWEISS-II is $Phi_{MB}=3.57pm0.05^{stat}pm0.27^{syst}times 10^{-6}$ neutrons/sec. We report the first experimental observation that the point-to-point thermal neutron flux at LSM varies by more than a factor two.
The cosmic-ray induced muon flux was measured at several depths in the Pyhasalmi mine (Finland) using a plastic scintillator telescope mounted on a trailer. The flux was determined at four different depths underground at 400 m (980 m.w.e), at 660 m (
China JinPing underground Laboratory (CJPL) is the deepest underground laboratory presently running in the world. In such a deep underground laboratory, the cosmic ray flux is a very important and necessary parameter for rare event experiments. A pla
China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) is ideal for studying solar-, geo-, and supernova neutrinos. A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray background would play an essential role in proceeding with the R&D research for these MeV-scale neutrino
Measuring the muon flux is important to the Sanford Underground Laboratory at Homestake, for which several low background experiments are being planned. The nearly-vertical cosmic ray muon flux was measured in three locations at this laboratory: on t
We report on the measurements of the fluxes and spectra of the environmental fast neutron background at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) with a rock overburden of about 6700 meters water equivalent, using a liquid scintillator detector