اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدEnzo Flaminio and neutrinos
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G. Giacomelli
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The research activities in collaboration with Enzo Flaminio are summarized and discussed.
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This document represents the response of the Intensity Frontier Neutrino Working Group to the Snowmass charge. We summarize the current status of neutrino physics and identify many exciting future opportunities for studying the properties of neutrino
s and for addressing important physics and astrophysics questions with neutrinos.
The study of solar neutrinos has given since ever a fundamental contribution both to astroparticle and to elementary particle physics, offering an ideal test of solar models and offering at the same time relevant indications on the fundamental intera
ctions among particles. After reviewing the striking results of the last two decades, which were determinant to solve the long standing solar neutrino puzzle and refine the Standard Solar Model, we focus our attention on the more recent results in this field and on the experiments presently running or planned for the near future. The main focus at the moment is to improve the knowledge of the mass and mixing pattern and especially to study in detail the lowest energy part of the spectrum, which represents most of solar neutrino spectrum but is still a partially unexplored realm. We discuss this research project and the way in which present and future experiments could contribute to make the theoretical framemork more complete and stable, understanding the origin of some anomalies that seem to emerge from the data and contributing to answer some present questions, like the exact mechanism of the vacuum to matter transition and the solution of the so called solar metallicity problem.
New observations with atmospheric neutrinos from the underground experiments SuperKamiokande, Soudan 2, and MACRO, together with earlier results from Kamiokande and IMB, are reviewed. The most recent observations reconfirm aspects of atmospheric flav
or content and of zenith angle distributions which appear anomalous in the context of null oscillations. The anomalous trends, exhibited with high statistics in both sub-GeV and multi-GeV data of the SuperKamiokande water Cherenkov experiment, occur also in event samples recorded by the tracking calorimeters. The data are well-described by disappearence of nu_mu flavor neutrinos arising in oscillations with dominant two-state mixing, for which there exists a parameter region allowed by all experiments. In a new analysis by SuperKamiokande, nu_mu -> nu_tau is favored over nu_mu -> nu_s as the dominant oscillation based upon absence of oscillation suppression from matter effects at high energies. The possibility for sub-dominant nu_mu -> nu_e oscillations in atmospheric neutrinos which arises with three-flavor mixing, is reviewed, and intriguing possibilities for amplification of this oscillation by terrestrial matter-induced resonances are discussed. Developments and future measurements which will enhance our knowledge of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes are briefly noted.
We report results of a search for oscillations involving a light sterile neutrino over distances of 1.04 and $735,mathrm{km}$ in a $ u_{mu}$-dominated beam with a peak energy of $3,mathrm{GeV}$. The data, from an exposure of $10.56times 10^{20},textr
m{protons on target}$, are analyzed using a phenomenological model with one sterile neutrino. We constrain the mixing parameters $theta_{24}$ and $Delta m^{2}_{41}$ and set limits on parameters of the four-dimensional Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix, $|U_{mu 4}|^{2}$ and $|U_{tau 4}|^{2}$, under the assumption that mixing between $ u_{e}$ and $ u_{s}$ is negligible ($|U_{e4}|^{2}=0$). No evidence for $ u_{mu} to u_{s}$ transitions is found and we set a world-leading limit on $theta_{24}$ for values of $Delta m^{2}_{41} lesssim 1,mathrm{eV}^{2}$.
BOREXINO, a real-time device for low energy neutrino spectroscopy is nearing completion of construction in the underground laboratories at Gran Sasso, Italy (LNGS). The experiments goal is the direct measurement of the flux of 7Be solar neutrinos of
all flavors via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure scintillation liquid. Seeded by a series of innovations which were brought to fruition by large scale operation of a 4-ton test detector at LNGS, a new technology has been developed for BOREXINO. It enables sub-MeV solar neutrino spectroscopy for the first time. This paper describes the design of BOREXINO, the various facilities essential to its operation, its spectroscopic and background suppression capabilities and a prognosis of the impact of its results towards resolving the solar neutrino problem. BOREXINO will also address several other frontier questions in particle physics, astrophysics and geophysics.
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