ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We study a simple model of periodic contraction and extension of large intruders in a granular bed to understand the mechanism for swimming in an otherwise solid media. Using an event-driven simulation, we find optimal conditions that idealized swimmers must use to critically fluidize a sand bed so that it is rigid enough to support a load when needed, but fluid enough to permit motion with minimal resistance. Swimmers - or other intruders - that agitate the bed too rapidly produce large voids that prevent traction from being achieved, while swimmers that move too slowly cannot travel before the bed re-solidifies around them i.e., the swimmers locally probe the fundamental time-scale in a granular packing.
The granular Leidenfrost effect (B. Meerson et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. {bf 91}, 024301 (2003), P. Eshuis et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. {bf 95}, 258001 (2005)) is the levitation of a mass of granular matter when a wall below the grains is vibrated giving rise
We study experimentally the particle velocity fluctuations in an electrostatically driven dilute granular gas. The experimentally obtained velocity distribution functions have strong deviations from Maxwellian form in a wide range of parameters. We h
The simplest solvable problem of stress transmission through a static granular material is when the grains are perfectly rigid and have an average coordination number of $bar{z}=d+1$. Under these conditions there exists an analysis of stress which is
Some general dynamical properties of models for compaction of granular media based on master equations are analyzed. In particular, a one-dimensional lattice model with short-ranged dynamical constraints is considered. The stationary state is consist
A driven granular material, e.g. a vibrated box full of sand, is a stationary system which may be very far from equilibrium. The standard equilibrium statistical mechanics is therefore inadequate to describe fluctuations in such a system. Here we pre