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We review methods developed in the gauge-string duality to treat energy loss by energetic probes of a strongly coupled thermal medium. After introducing the black hole description of the thermal medium, we discuss the trailing string behind a heavy quark and the drag force that it implies. We then explain how to solve the linearized Einstein equations in the presence of the trailing string and extract from the solutions the energy density and the Poynting vector of the dual gauge theory. We summarize some efforts to compare these calculations to heavy ion phenomenology.
The string breaking phenomenon in QCD can be studied using the gauge/string duality. In this approach, one can make estimates of some of the string breaking distances at non-zero temperature and baryon chemical potential. These point towards the enha
We study the energy loss of a rotating infinitely massive quark moving, at constant velocity, through an anisotropic strongly-coupled N=4 plasma from holography. It is shown that, similar to the isotropic plasma, the energy loss of the rotating quark
We investigate the stability of the pion string in a thermal bath and a dense medium. We find that stability is dependent on the order of the chiral transition. String core stability within the experimentally allowed regime is found only if the chira
Renormalization group evolution of QCD composite light-cone operators, built from two and more quark and gluon fields, is responsible for the logarithmic scaling violations in diverse physical observables. We analyze spectra of anomalous dimensions o
Quantum field theories of strongly interacting matter sometimes have a useful holographic description in terms of the variables of a gravitational theory in higher dimensions. This duality maps time dependent physics in the gauge theory to time depen