ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

eta/s is critical (at phase transitions)

36   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada
 تاريخ النشر 2008
  مجال البحث
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

The viscosity over entropy density ratio, or KSS number, can help isolate the critical point in the hadron phase-diagram in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. We argue that this quantity does have a minimum at a phase transition or crossover. Although indications from conventional non-relativistic gases point out to even a divergence in eta/s when the phase-transition is first-order, since the critical exponent is rather low, this will be more difficult to ascertain in RHIC or FAIR. The experimental data are more likely to reveal a discontinuity for a first order phase transition or a smooth minimum at a crossover.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

A value for the $eta$-$eta^prime$ mixing angle is extracted from the data on $VPgamma$ transitions using simple quark-model ideas. The set of data covers {it all} possible radiative transitions between the pseudoscalar and vector meson nonets. Two ma in ingredients of the model are the introduction of flavour-dependent overlaps for the various $qbar{q}$ wave functions and the use of the quark-flavour basis to describe the $eta$-$eta^prime$ system. In this basis the mixing angle is found to be $phi_P=(37.7pm 2.4)^circ$.
It has been realized for a long time that knowing the eta and eta wave functions in terms of quark and gluon components probes our understanding of non-perturbative QCD dynamics. Great effort has been given to this challenge -- yet no clear picture h as emerged even with the most recent KLOE data. We point out which measurements would be most helpful in arriving at a more definite conclusion. A better knowledge of these wave functions will significantly help to disentangle the weight of different decay subprocesses in semi-leptonic decays of D^+, D_s^+ and B^+ mesons. The resulting insights will be instrumental in treating even non-leptonic B transitions involving $eta$ and $eta^{prime}$ and their CP asymmetries; thus they can sharpen the case for or against New Physics intervening there.
Gravitational waves generated during a first-order electroweak phase transition have a typical frequency which today falls just within the band of the planned space interferometer LISA. Contrary to what happens in the Standard Model, in its supersymm etric extensions the electroweak phase transition may be strongly first order, providing a mechanism for generating the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe. We show that during the same transition the production of gravitational waves can be rather sizable. While the energy density in gravitational waves can reach at most $h_0^2 Omega_{rm gw}simeq 10^{-16}$ in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Model, in some parameter range, $h_0^2 Omega_{rm gw}$ can be as high as $4times 10^{-11}$. A stochastic background of gravitational waves of this intensity is within the reach of the planned sensitivity of LISA. Since in the Standard Model the background of gravitational waves is totally neglegible, its detection would also provide a rather unexpected experimental signal of supersymmetry and a tool to descriminate among supersymmetric models with different Higgs content.
Seismicity and faulting within the Earth crust are characterized by many scaling laws that are usually interpreted as qualifying the existence of underlying physical mechanisms associated with some kind of criticality in the sense of phase transition s. Using an augmented Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model that accounts for the spatial variability of the background rates $mu(x,y)$, we present a direct quantitative test of criticality. We calibrate the model to the ANSS catalog of the entire globe, the region around California, and the Geonet catalog for the region around New Zealand using an extended Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm including the determination of $mu(x,y)$. We demonstrate that the criticality reported in previous studies is spurious and can be attributed to a systematic upward bias in the calibration of the branching ratio of the ETAS model, when not accounting correctly for spatial variability. We validate the version of the ETAS model which possesses a space varying background rate $mu(x,y)$ by performing pseudo prospective forecasting tests. The non-criticality of seismicity has major implications for the prediction of large events.
99 - Berndt Muller 2021
The relation between the specific shear viscosity $eta/s$ and the dimensionless jet quenching parameter $hat{q}/T^3$ in perturbative QCD is explored at next-to-leading order in the coupling constant. It is shown that the relation changes little, alth ough both transport coefficients independently are subject to large modifications at the NLO level. This finding confirms that the relationship is robust.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا