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We consider an alternative mechanism for the production of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. It is basically due to vacuum pair creation (VPC) of vector bosons (W and Z) as a consequence of a rapid W and Z mass generation during the electroweak phase transition in the early Universe. The mechanism is as follows: after their pair crreation, the vector bosons may either annihilate directly into photons or decay into leptons and quarks which subsequently annihilate as lepton-antilepton and quark-antiquark pairs into photons. Preliminary estimates show that the number of CMB photons obtained this way can be sufficient to explain the presently observed CMB photon density. In this contribution we present an exactly soluble model for vacuum pair creation kinetics.
The evolution of the Universe is the ultimate laboratory to study fundamental physics across energy scales that span about 25 orders of magnitude: from the grand unification scale through particle and nuclear physics scales down to the scale of atomi
We construct an $SU(2)_Ltimes SU(2)_Rtimes U(1)_{B-L}$ model with a Higgs sector that consists of a bidoublet and a doublet, and with a right-handed neutrino sector that includes one Dirac fermion and one Majorana fermion. This model explains the Run
We study the dynamics of a timelike vector field which violates Lorentz invariance when the background spacetime is in an accelerating phase in the early universe. It is shown that a timelike vector field is difficult to realize an inflationary phase
We study the induced primordial gravitational waves (GW) coming from the effect of scalar perturbation on the tensor perturbation at the second order of cosmological perturbation theory. We use the evolution of the standard model degrees of freedom w
Recent measurements of the $W$-boson charge asymmetry and of the $Z$-boson production cross sections, performed at the Tevatron collider in Run II by the D0 and CDF collaborations, are studied using the HERAFitter framework to assess their impact on