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We analyze the operation of a switching-based detector that probes a qubits observable that does not commute with the qubits Hamiltonian, leading to a nontrivial interplay between the measurement and free-qubit dynamics. In order to obtain analytic results and develop intuitive understanding of the different possible regimes of operation, we use a theoretical model where the detector is a quantum two-level system that is constantly monitored by a macroscopic system. We analyze how to interpret the outcome of the measurement and how the state of the qubit evolves while it is being measured. We find that the answers to the above questions depend on the relation between the different parameters in the problem. In addition to the traditional strong-measurement regime, we identify a number of regimes associated with weak qubit-detector coupling. An incoherent detector whose switching time is measurable with high accuracy can provide high-fidelity information, but the measurement basis is determined only upon switching of the detector. An incoherent detector whose switching time can be known only with low accuracy provides a measurement in the qubits energy eigenbasis with reduced measurement fidelity. A coherent detector measures the qubit in its energy eigenbasis and, under certain conditions, can provide high-fidelity information.
We report high-fidelity state readout of a trapped ion qubit using a trap-integrated photon detector. We determine the hyperfine qubit state of a single $^9$Be$^+$ ion held in a surface-electrode rf ion trap by counting state-dependent ion fluorescen
We provide insight into the qubit measurement process involving a switching type of detector. We study the switching-induced decoherence during escape events. We present a simple method to obtain analytical results for the qubit dephasing and bit-fli
We derive the Hamiltonian of a superconducting circuit that comprises a single-Josephson-junction flux qubit and an LC oscillator. If we keep the qubits lowest two energy levels, the derived circuit Hamiltonian takes the form of the quantum Rabi Hami
We describe a possible implementation of the nanomechanical quantum superposition generation and detection scheme described in the preceding, companion paper [Armour A D and Blencowe M P 2008 New. J. Phys. Submitted]. The implementation is based on t
We propose a scheme in which the quantum coherence of a nanomechanical resonator can be probed using a superconducting qubit. We consider a mechanical resonator coupled capacitively to a Cooper-pair box and assume that the superconducting qubit is tu