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We suggest an extension of the standard concept of statistical ensembles. Namely, we introduce a class of ensembles with extensive quantities fluctuating according to an externally given distribution. As an example the influence of energy fluctuations on multiplicity fluctuations in limited segments of momentum space for a classical ultra-relativistic gas is considered.
A Monte Carlo event generator has been developed assuming thermal production of hadrons. The system under consideration is sampled grand canonically in the Boltzmann approximation. A re-weighting scheme is then introduced to account for conservation
The aim of this paper is to introduce a new technique for calculation of observables, in particular multiplicity distributions, in various statistical ensembles at finite volume. The method is based on Fourier analysis of the grand canonical partitio
We present a semi-analytic approach to forward-backward multiplicity correlations in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions, based on particle emission from strings with fluctuating end-points. We show that with the constraints from rapidity spectra,
We review the evolution of some statistical and thermodynamical quantities measured in difference sizes of high-energy collisions at different energies. We differentiate between intensive and extensive quantities and discuss the importance of their d
Relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics including hydrodynamic fluctuations is formulated by putting an emphasis on non-linearity and causality. As a consequence of causality, dissipative currents become dynamical variables and noises appeared in an i