ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Albite feldspar dissolution kinetics as a function of the Gibbs free energy at high pCO_2

196   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Francois Renard
 تاريخ النشر 2008
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English
 تأليف Roland Hellmann




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

We are currently measuring the dissolution kinetics of albite feldspar at 100 deg C in the presence of high levels of dissolved CO_2 (pCO_2 = 9 MPa) as a function of the saturation state of the feldspar (Gibbs free energy of reaction, Delta G). The experiments are conducted using a flow through reactor, thereby allowing the dissolution reactions to occur at a fixed pH and at constant, but variable saturation states. Preliminary results indicate that at far-from-equilibrium conditions, the dissolution kinetics of albite are defined by a rate plateau, with R approx 5.0 x 10^{-10} mol m^{-2} s^{-1} at -70 < Delta G < -40 kJ mol^{-1}. At Delta G > -40 kJ mol^{-1}, the rates decrease sharply, revealing a strong inverse relation between the dissolution rate and free energy. Based on the experiments carried out to date, the dissolution rate-free energy data correspond to a highly non-linear and sigmoidal relation, in accord with recent studies.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

A reactive fluid dissolving the surrounding rock matrix can trigger an instability in the dissolution front, leading to spontaneous formation of pronounced channels or wormholes. Theoretical investigations of this instability have typically focused o n a steadily propagating dissolution front that separates regions of high and low porosity. In this paper we show that this is not the only possible dissolutional instability in porous rocks; there is another instability that operates instantaneously on any initial porosity field, including an entirely uniform one. The relative importance of the two mechanisms depends on the ratio of the porosity increase to the initial porosity. We show that the inlet instability is likely to be important in limestone formations where the initial porosity is small and there is the possibility of a large increase in permeability. In quartz-rich sandstones, where the proportion of easily soluble material (e.g. carbonate cements) is small, the instability in the steady-state equations is dominant.
51 - Yu. V. Lipko 2001
In March and August/September 1995, February 1996, and in March-April 1998, observations of the inhomogeneous structure of the high-latitude ionosphere were carried out at Norilsk (geomagnetic latitude and longitude are 64.2 N and 160.4 E, and L=5.2) . Small-scale irregularities (with the lifetime of several seconds,and the spatial scale less than 5-7 km), and medium-size wave irregularities(with the period of 10-50 min, and the horizontal size of tens and hundreds of kilometres) of the ionospheric F layer were investigated under different geophysical conditions. A total of 300 hours of observations was recorded, including 250 reflections from the F2 layer, and the other reflections from the sporadic E layer. The diurnal variations of inhomogeneous structure parameters in March and April is obtained. Dependence of some ionospheric irregularity parameters on geomagnetic activity is presented.
We present new experimental data on major and trace element partition coefficients between alkali feldspar and trachytic melt. Experiments were conducted at 500 MPa, 870 890 {deg}C to investigate through short disequilibrium and long near equilibrium experiments the influence of diffusive re-equilibration on trace element partitioning during crystallization. Our data show that Ba and Sr behave compatibly, and their partition coefficients are influenced by re-equilibration time, orthoclase (Or) content, growth rate and cation order-disorder. High field strength elements (HFSE) and rare earth elements (except Eu) are strongly incompatible, but alkali feldspar efficiently fractionates light (LREE) from heavy rare earth elements (HREE). Our crystallization experiments reveal a strong influence of disequilibrium crystal growth on the partitioning of Ba and Sr. In particular, short-duration experiments show that rapid alkali feldspar crystal growth after nucleation, promotes disordered growth and less selectivity in the partitioning of compatible trace elements that easily enter the crystal lattice (e.g., Ba and Sr)....
112 - Yi Yang 2017
The dissolution of porous materials in a flow field shapes the morphologies of many geologic landscapes. Identifying the dissolution front, the interface between the reactive and the unreactive regions in a dissolving medium, is a prerequisite for st udying dissolution kinetics. Despite its fundamental importance, the dynamics of a dissolution front in an evolving natural microstructure has never been reported. Here we show an unexpected spontaneous migration of the dissolution front against the pressure gradient of a flow field. This retraction stems from the infiltration instability induced surface generation, which can lead to a reactive surface dramatically greater than the ex situ geometric surface. The results are supported by a very good agreement between observations made with real time X-ray imaging and simulations based on static images of a rock determined by nanoCT. They both show that the in situ specific surface area of natural porous media is dependent on the flow field and reflects a balancing between surface generation and destruction. The reported dynamics challenge many long-held understanding of water-rock interactions and shed light on reconciling the discrepancies between field and laboratory measurements of reaction kinetics.
This study extends the mathematical model of emotion dimensions that we previously proposed (Yanagisawa, et al. 2019, Front Comput Neurosci) to consider perceived complexity as well as novelty, as a source of arousal potential. Berlynes hedonic funct ion of arousal potential (or the inverse U-shaped curve, the so-called Wundt curve) is assumed. We modeled the arousal potential as information contents to be processed in the brain after sensory stimuli are perceived (or recognized), which we termed sensory surprisal. We mathematically demonstrated that sensory surprisal represents free energy, and it is equivalent to a summation of information gain (or information from novelty) and perceived complexity (or information from complexity), which are the collative variables forming the arousal potential. We demonstrated empirical evidence with visual stimuli (profile shapes of butterfly) supporting the hypothesis that the summation of perceived novelty and complexity shapes the inverse U-shaped beauty function. We discussed the potential of free energy as a mathematical principle explaining emotion initiators.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا