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Logs are semi-structured text generated by logging statements in software source code. In recent decades, software logs have become imperative in the reliability assurance mechanism of many software systems because they are often the only data available that record software runtime information. As modern software is evolving into a large scale, the volume of logs has increased rapidly. To enable effective and efficient usage of modern software logs in reliability engineering, a number of studies have been conducted on automated log analysis. This survey presents a detailed overview of automated log analysis research, including how to automate and assist the writing of logging statements, how to compress logs, how to parse logs into structured event templates, and how to employ logs to detect anomalies, predict failures, and facilitate diagnosis. Additionally, we survey work that releases open-source toolkits and datasets. Based on the discussion of the recent advances, we present several promising future directions toward real-world and next-generation automated log analysis.
In 2006, Geoffrey Hinton proposed the concept of training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and an improved model training method to break the bottleneck of neural network development. More recently, the introduction of AlphaGo in 2016 demonstrated the pow
Logs are imperative in the development and maintenance process of many software systems. They record detailed runtime information that allows developers and support engineers to monitor their systems and dissect anomalous behaviors and errors. The in
Logs have been widely adopted in software system development and maintenance because of the rich system runtime information they contain. In recent years, the increase of software size and complexity leads to the rapid growth of the volume of logs. T
AI-based systems are software systems with functionalities enabled by at least one AI component (e.g., for image- and speech-recognition, and autonomous driving). AI-based systems are becoming pervasive in society due to advances in AI. However, ther
The VST Telescope Control Software logs continuously detailed information about the telescope and instrument operations. Commands, telemetries, errors, weather conditions and anything may be relevant for the instrument maintenance and the identificat