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In this guide, we present how to perform constraint-based causal discovery using three popular software packages: pcalg (with add-ons tpc and micd), bnlearn, and TETRAD. We focus on how these packages can be used with observational data and in the presence of mixed data (i.e., data where some variables are continuous, while others are categorical), a known time ordering between variables, and missing data. Throughout, we point out the relative strengths and limitations of each package, as well as give practical recommendations. We hope this guide helps anyone who is interested in performing constraint-based causal discovery on their data.
This paper introduces a unified framework of counterfactual estimation for time-series cross-sectional data, which estimates the average treatment effect on the treated by directly imputing treated counterfactuals. Examples include the fixed effects
In this review, we present a simple guide for researchers to obtain pseudo-random samples with censored data. We focus our attention on the most common types of censored data, such as type I, type II, and random censoring. We discussed the necessary
Causal discovery algorithms estimate causal graphs from observational data. This can provide a valuable complement to analyses focussing on the causal relation between individual treatment-outcome pairs. Constraint-based causal discovery algorithms r
Adaptive designs for clinical trials permit alterations to a study in response to accumulating data in order to make trials more flexible, ethical and efficient. These benefits are achieved while preserving the integrity and validity of the trial, th
Multi-image alignment, bringing a group of images into common register, is an ubiquitous problem and the first step of many applications in a wide variety of domains. As a result, a great amount of effort is being invested in developing efficient mul