ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Methanol and H2o Masers in a Disk Around GL2789

149   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Maxim A. Voronkov
 تاريخ النشر 2003
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

VLBA and EVN radio observations of H2O masers at 22 GHz and methanol masers at 6.7 GHz have been used to obtain images of the maser spots in the infrared object GL2789, which is associated with the young stellar object V645Cyg. The position of these masers coincides with that of the optical object to within 0.2 arcsec. The maser spots are located in a line oriented north--south, and their positions and radial velocities can be described by a model with a Keplerian disk with maximum radius 40 AU for the H2O masers and 800 AU for the methanol masers. The H2O and methanol masers spots are unresolved, and the lower limits for their brightness temperatures are 2x10^{13} K and 1.4x10^9 K, respectively. A model in which the maser radiation is formed in extended water-methanol clouds associated with ice planets forming around the young star is proposed.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

Radio images of maser spots in the infrared source GL2789, connected with the young stellar object V645 Cyg, have been obtained as a result of the radio interferometric observations of H2O maser at 22 GHz and methanol maser at 6.7 GHz, with the VLBI arrays VLBA and EVN. It was shown that the position of the masers coincide with the optical object within 0.2. The maser spots are located along the line North-South, and their position and radial velocity can be described by a model of the Keplerian disk with a maximum radius of 40 AU for H2O maser and 800 AU for methanol maser. The H2O and methanol maser spots have not been resolved, and lower limits of the brightness temperature is 2x10^{13} K and 1.4x10^9 K, respectively. A model of the maser was suggested in which the maser emission is generated in extended water and methanol envelopes of icy planets orbiting the young star.
We use unpublished and published VLBI results to investigate the geometry and the statistical properties of the velocity field traced by H2O masers in five galactic regions of star formation -- Sgr B2(M), W49N, W51(MAIN), W51N, and W3(OH). In all sou rces the angular distribution of the H2O hot spots demonstrates approximate self-similarity (fractality) over almost four orders of magnitude in scale, with the calculated fractal dimension d between (approximately) 0.2 and 1.0. In all sources, the lower order structure functions for the line-of-sight component of the velocity field are satisfactorily approximated by power laws, with the exponents near their classic Kolmogorov values for the high-Reynolds-number incompressible turbulence. These two facts, as well as the observed significant excess of large deviations of the two-point velocity increments from their mean values, strongly suggest that the H2O masers in regions of star formation trace turbulence. We propose a new conceptual model of these masers in which maser hot spots originate at the sites of ultimate dissipation of highly supersonic turbulence produced in the ambient gas by the intensive gas outflow from a newly-born star. Due to the high brightness and small angular sizes of masing hot spots and the possibility of measuring their positions and velocities with high precision, they become a unique probe of supersonic turbulence.
110 - A.M. Sobolev 2006
Methanol masers which are traditionally divided into two classes provide possibility to study important parts of the star forming regions: Class~II masers trace vicinities of the massive YSOs while class~I masers are likely to trace more distant part s of the outflows where newer stars can form. There are many methanol transitions which produce observed masers. This allows to use pumping analysis for estimation of the physical parameters in the maser formation regions and its environment, for the study of their evolution. Extensive surveys in different masing transitions allow to conclude on the values of the temperatures, densities, dust properties, etc. in the bulk of masing regions. Variability of the brightest masers is monitored during several years. In some cases it is probably caused by the changes of the dust temperature which follow variations in the brightness of the central YSO reflecting the character of the accretion process. A unified catalogue of the class II methanol masers consisting of more than 500 objects is compiled. Analysis of the data shows that: physical conditions within the usual maser source vary considerably; maser brightness is determined by parameters of some distinguished part of the object - maser formation region; class II methanol masers are formed not within the outflows but in the regions affected by their propagation. It is shown that the near solutions for the kinematic distances to the sources can be used for statistical analysis. The luminosity function of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers is constructed. It is shown that improvement of the sensitivity of surveys can increase number of detected maser sources considerably.
470 - K. L. J. Rygl 2008
We present the first EVN parallax measurements of 6.7 GHz methanol masers in star forming regions of the Galaxy. The 6.7 GHz methanol maser transition is a very valuable astrometric tool, for its large stability and confined velocity spread, which ma kes it ideal to measure proper motions and parallaxes. Eight well-studied massive star forming regions have been observed during five EVN sessions of 24 hours duration each and we present here preliminary results for five of them. We achieve accuracies of up to 51 $mu$as, which still have the potential to be proved by more ideal observational circumstances.
(Abridged) Astronomical masers have been effective tools to study magnetic fields for many years. In particular, methanol can be used to probe different parts of protostars such as accretion discs and outflows, since it produces one of the strongest and the most commonly observed masers in massive star-forming regions. We investigate the polarization properties of selected methanol maser transitions in light of newly calculated methanol Lande g-factors and considering hyperfine components. We compare our results with previous observations and we evaluate the effect of preferred hyperfine pumping and non-Zeeman effects. We run simulations using the radiative transfer code CHAMP. We find a dependence of linear and circular polarization fractions on the hyperfine transitions. Preferred hyperfine pumping can explain some high levels of linear and circular polarization and some of the peculiar features seen in the S-shape of observed V-profiles. Methanol masers are not significantly affected by non-Zeeman effects. Our models show that for methanol maser emission, both the linear and circular polarization percentages depend on which hyperfine transition is masing and the degree to which it is being pumped. Since non-Zeeman effects become more relevant at high values of brightness temperatures, it is important to obtain good estimates of these quantities and on maser beaming angles. Better constraints on the brightness temperature will help in understand about the extent to which non-Zeeman effects contribute to the observed polarization percentages. In order to detect separate hyperfine components, an intrinsic thermal line width significantly smaller than the hyperfine separation is required.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا