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A general-covariant statistical framework capable of describing classical fluctuations of the gravitational field is a thorny open problem in theoretical physics, yet ultimately necessary to understand the nature of the gravitational interaction and a key to quantum gravity. Inspired by Souriaus symplectic generalization of the Maxwell-Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium in Lie group thermodynamics, we investigate a spacetime-covariant formulation of statistical mechanics for parametrized first-order field theories, as a simplified model sharing essential general covariant features with canonical general relativity. Starting from a covariant multi-symplectic phase space formulation, we define a general-covariant notion of Gibbs state in terms of the covariant momentum map associated with the lifted action of the diffeomorphisms group on the extended phase space. We show how such a covariant notion of equilibrium encodes the whole information about symmetry, gauge and dynamics carried by the theory, associated to a canonical spacetime foliation, where the covariant choice of a reference frame reflects in a Lie algebra-valued notion of local temperature. We investigate how physical equilibrium, hence time evolution, emerges from such a state and the role of the gauge symmetry in the thermodynamic description.
The vacuum state -- or any other state of finite energy -- is not an eigenstate of any smeared (averaged) local quantum field. The outcomes (spectral values) of repeated measurements of that averaged local quantum field are therefore distributed acco
We review in simple terms the covariant approaches to the canonical formulation of classical relativistic field theories (in particular gauge field theories) and we discuss the relationships between these approaches as well as the relation with the s
We present a reduction procedure for gauge theories based on quotienting out the kernel of the presymplectic form in configuration-velocity space. Local expressions for a basis of this kernel are obtained using phase space procedures; the obstruction
We investigate a new property of nets of local algebras over 4-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes, called punctured Haag duality. This property consists in the usual Haag duality for the restriction of the net to the causal complement of a po
In this work we investigate the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor for massless on-shell states in four-dimensional unitary, local, and Poincare covariant quantum field theories. We demonstrate that these matrix elements can be parametrise