اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدThe close circumstellar environment of Betelgeuse - Adaptive optics spectro-imaging in the near-IR with VLT/NACO
122
0
0.0
(
0
)
تأليف
Pierre Kervella
اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث
ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Context: Betelgeuse is one the largest stars in the sky in terms of angular diameter. Structures on the stellar photosphere have been detected in the visible and near-infrared as well as a compact molecular environment called the MOLsphere. Mid-infrared observations have revealed the nature of some of the molecules in the MOLsphere, some being the precursor of dust. Aims: Betelgeuse is an excellent candidate to understand the process of mass loss in red supergiants. Using diffraction-limited adaptive optics (AO) in the near-infrared, we probe the photosphere and close environment of Betelgeuse to study the wavelength dependence of its extension, and to search for asymmetries. Methods: We obtained AO images with the VLT/NACO instrument, taking advantage of the cube mode of the CONICA camera to record separately a large number of short-exposure frames. This allowed us to adopt a lucky imaging approach for the data reduction, and obtain diffraction-limited images over the spectral range 1.04-2.17 $mu$m in 10 narrow-band filters. Results: In all filters, the photosphere of Betelgeuse appears partly resolved. We identify an asymmetric envelope around the star, with in particular a relatively bright plume extending in the southwestern quadrant up to a radius of approximately six times the photosphere. The CN molecule provides an excellent match to the 1.09 mic bandhead in absorption in front of the stellar photosphere, but the emission spectrum of the plume is more difficult to interpret. Conclusions: Our AO images show that the envelope surrounding Betelgeuse has a complex and irregular structure. We propose that the southwestern plume is linked either to the presence of a convective hot spot on the photosphere, or to the rotation of the star.
قيم البحث
اقرأ أيضاً
We observed Betelgeuse using ALMAs extended configuration in band 7 (f~340 GHz, {lambda}~0.88 mm), resulting in a very high angular resolution of 18 mas. Using a solid body rotation model of the 28SiO(v=2,J=8-7) line emission, we show that the superg
iant is rotating with a projected equatorial velocity of v_eq sin i = 5.47 +/- 0.25 km/s at the equivalent continuum angular radius R_star = 29.50 +/- 0.14 mas. This corresponds to an angular rotation velocity of {omega} sin i = (5.6 +/- 1.3) x 10^(-9) rad/s. The position angle of its north pole is PA = 48.0 +/- 3.5{deg}. The rotation period of Betelgeuse is estimated to P/sin i = 36 +/- 8 years. The combination of our velocity measurement with previous observations in the ultraviolet shows that the chromosphere is co-rotating with the star up to a radius of ~10 au (45 mas or 1.5x the ALMA continuum radius). The coincidence of the position angle of the polar axis of Betelgeuse with that of the major ALMA continuum hot spot, a molecular plume, and a partial dust shell (from previous observations) suggests that focused mass loss is currently taking place in the polar region of the star. We propose that this hot spot corresponds to the location of a particularly strong rogue convection cell, which emits a focused molecular plume that subsequently condenses into dust at a few stellar radii. Rogue convection cells therefore appear to be an important factor shaping the anisotropic mass loss of red supergiants.
The high angular resolution and dynamic range achieved by the NACO adaptive optics system on the VLT is an excellent tool to study the morphology of Planetary Nebulae (PNe). We observed four stars in different evolutionary stages from the AGB to the
PNe phase. The images of the inner parts of the PN Hen 2-113 reveal the presence of a dusty torus tilted with respect to all the other structures of the nebula and the present of hot dust close to the hot central star. The NACO observations of Roberts 22 reveal an amazingly complex nebular morphology with a S-shape that can be interpreted in terms of the warped disc scenario of Icke (2003). Combined NACO and MIDI (the VLTI mid-infrared interferometer) observations of the nebula OH 231.8+4.2 have enabled us to resolve a very compact (diameter of 30-40 mas, corresponding to 40-50 a.u.) dusty structure in the core of the nebula. Finally, recent observations of the AGB star V Hydrae show that this star present a departure from spherical symmetry in its inner shell and is probably on its way to become an asymmetrical planetary nebula. These observations show that NACO is a great instrument for the discovery and study of small structures in circumstellar envelopes and PNe and a good complement to interferometric devices.
Near-infrared observations of line emission from excited H2 and in the continuum are reported in the direction of the Orion molecular cloud OMC1, using the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope UT4, equipped with the NAOS adaptive optics
system and the CONICA infrared array camera. Spatial resolution has been achieved at close to the diffraction limit of the telescope (0.08 - 0.12) and images show a wealth of morphological detail. Structure is not fractal but shows two preferred scale sizes of 2.4 (1100 AU) and 1.2 (540 AU), where the larger scale may be associated with star formation.
We report ESO-VLT near-infrared adaptive optics imaging of one radio-loud (PKS 0113-283) and two radio-quiet (Q 0045-3337 and Q 0101-337) QSOs at z > 2. In the first case, we are able to resolve the QSO and find that it is hosted by an elliptical of
absolute magnitude M(K) = -27.6. For the other two objects, no extended emission has been unambiguously detected. This result, though restricted to a single object, extends up to z ~2.5 the finding that cosmic evolution of radio-loud QSO hosts follows the trend expected for luminous and massive spheroids undergoing passive evolution. For Q 0045-3337, our high resolution images show that it is located 1.2 arcsec from a K = 17.5 foreground disc galaxy, which may act as a gravitational lens, since the QSO most probably lies within the galaxy Einstein radius.
We report the results of VLT and Keck adaptive optics surveys of known members of the Eta Chamaeleontis, MBM 12, and TW Hydrae (TWA) associations to search for close companions. The multiplicity statistics of Eta Cha, MBM 12, and TWA are quite high c
ompared with other clusters and associations, although our errors are large due to small number statistics. We have resolved S18 in MBM 12 and RECX 9 in Eta Cha into triples for the first time. The tight binary TWA 5Aab in the TWA offers the prospect of measuring the dynamical masses of both components as well as an independent distance to the system within a few years. The AO detection of the close companion to the nearby young star Chi^1 Orionis, previously inferred from radial velocity and astrometric observations, has already made it possible to derive the dynamical masses of that system without any astrophysical assumption.
سجل دخول لتتمكن من نشر تعليقات
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
