ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We study the creation of solitons from particles, using the $lambda phi^4$ model as a prototype. We consider the scattering of small, identical, wave pulses, that are equivalent to a sequence of particles, and find that kink-antikink pairs are created for a large region in parameter space. We also find that scattering at {it low} velocities is favorable for creating solitons that have large energy compared to the mass of a particle.
We study an example of higher-order field-theoretic model with an eighth-degree polynomial potential -- the $varphi^8$ model. We show that for some certain ratios of constants of the potential, the problem of finding kink-type solutions in $(1+1)$-di
Some years ago, Cho and Vilenkin, introduced a model which presents topological solutions, despite not having degenerate vacua as is usually expected. Here we present a new model with topological defects, connecting degenerate vacua but which in a ce
Motivated by the conduction properties of graphene discovered and studied in the last decades, we consider the quantum dynamics of a massless, charged, spin 1/2 relativistic particle in three dimensional space-time, in the presence of an electrostati
We present and study new mechanism of interaction between the solitons based on the exchange interaction mediated by the localized fermion states. As particular examples, we consider solutions of simple 1+1 dimensional scalar field theories with self
A first order equation for a static ${phi}^4$ kink in the presence of an impurity is extended into an iterative scheme. At the first iteration, the solution is the standard kink, but at the second iteration the kink impurity generates a kink-antikink