We investigate observational constraints on the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model as the unification of dark matter and dark energy from the latest observational data: the Union SNe Ia data, the observational Hubble data, the SDSS baryon acoustic
peak and the five-year WMAP shift parameter. It is obtained that the best fit values of the GCG model parameters with their confidence level are $A_{s}=0.73^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$ ($1sigma$) $^{+0.09}_{-0.09}$ $(2sigma)$, $alpha=-0.09^{+0.15}_{-0.12}$ ($1sigma$) $^{+0.26}_{-0.19}$ $(2sigma)$. Furthermore in this model, we can see that the evolution of equation of state (EOS) for dark energy is similar to quiessence, and its current best-fit value is $w_{0de}=-0.96$ with the $1sigma$ confidence level $-0.91geq w_{0de}geq-1.00$.
We employ the metric of Schwarzschild space surrounded by quintessential matter to study the trajectories of test masses on the motion of a binary system. The results, which are obtained through the gradually approximate approach, can be used to sear
ch for dark energy via the difference of the azimuth angle of the pericenter. The classification of the motion is discussed.
Based on the 4D momentum, the influence of quintessence on the gravitational frequency shift and the deflection of light are examined in modified Schwarzschild space. We find that the frequency of photon depends on the state parameter of quintessence
$w_q$: the frequency increases for $-1<w_q<-1/3$ and decreases for $-1/3<w_q<0$. Meanwhile, we adopt an integral power number $a$ ($a = 3omega_q + 2$) to solve the orbital equation of photon. The photons potentials become higher with the decrease of $omega_q$. The behavior of bending light depends on the state parameter $omega_q$ sensitively. In particular, for the case of $omega_q = -1$, there is no influence on the deflection of light by quintessence. Else, according to the H-masers of GP-A redshift experiment and the long-baseline interferometry, the constraints on the quintessence field in Solar system are presented here.
In this paper, we study the quantum statistical entropy in a 5D Ricci-flat black string solution, which contains a 4D Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole on the brane, by using the improved thin-layer method with the generalized uncertainty principle.
The entropy is the linear sum of the areas of the event horizon and the cosmological horizon without any cut-off and any constraint on the bulks configuration rather than the usual uncertainty principle. The systems density of state and free energy are convergent in the neighborhood of horizon. The small-mass approximation is determined by the asymptotic behavior of metric function near horizons. Meanwhile, we obtain the minimal length of the position $Delta x$ which is restrained by the surface gravities and the thickness of layer near horizons.
As one candidate of the higher dimensional black holes, the 5D Ricci-flat black string is considered in this paper. By means of a non-trivial potential $V_{n}$, the quasi-normal modes of a massless scalar field around this black string space is studi
ed. By using the classical third order WKB approximation, we analyse carefully the evolution of frequencies in two aspects, one is the induced cosmological constant $Lambda$ and the other is the quantum number $n$. The massless scalar field decays more slowly because of the existences of the fifth dimension and the induced cosmological constant. If extra dimension has in fact existed near black hole, those quasi-normal frequencies may have some indication on it.
