It is unexpected that a spin-glass transition, which generally occurs only in the system with some form of disorder, was observed in the ThCr2Si2-type compound PrAu2Si2 at a temperature of ~3 K. This puzzling phenomenon was later explained based on a
novel dynamic frustration model that does not involve static disorder. We present the results of re-verification of the reported spin-glass behaviors by measuring the physical properties of three polycrystalline PrAu2Si2 samples annealed under different conditions. Indeed, in the sample annealed at 827 C for one week, a spin-glass transition does occur at a temperature of Tf=2.8 K as that reported previously in the literature. However, it is newly found that the spin-glass effect is actually more pronounced in the as-cast sample, and almost completely disappears in the well-annealed (at 850 C for 4 weeks) sample. The apparent sample dependence of the magnetic characteristics of PrAu2Si2 is discussed by comparing it with similar phenomena observed in the isomorphic compounds URh2Ge2 and CeAu2Si2. Our experimental results strongly suggest that the spin-glass behavior observed in the as cast and insufficient annealed samples is most likely due to the presence of small amount of crystalline impurities and/or partial site disorder on the Au and Si sublattices, and thus is not the inherent characteristic of ideal ThCr2Si2-type PrAu2Si2. The perfectly ordered PrAu2Si2 should be regarded as a paramagnetic system with obvious crystal-field effects.
Weyl-like magnon excitations in ordered magnets have attracted significant recent attention. Despite of the tantalizing physics and application prospects, the experimental observation of Weyl magnons is still challenging owing to their extraordinaril
y high frequency that is not accessible to the microstrip antenna technique. Here we predict gigahertz Weyl excitations in the collective dynamics of dipolar-coupled magnetic vortices arranged in a three-dimensional stacked honeycomb lattice. It is found that the inversion symmetry breaking leads to the emergence of the type-II Weyl semimetal (WSM) state with tilted dispersion. We derive the full phase diagram of the vortex arrays that support WSMs with both single and double pairs of Weyl nodes, and the topological insulator phase. We observe robust arc surface states in a dual-segment fashion due to the tilted nature of type-II WSMs. Our findings uncover the low-frequency WSM phase in magnetic texture based crystals that are indispensable for future Weyltronic applications.
The low-lying excited states in the neutron-deficient $N=Z+1$ nucleus $^{87}_{43}$Tc$^{ }_{44}$ have been studied via the fusion-evaporation reaction $^{54}$Fe($^{36}$Ar, $2n1p$)$^{87}$Tc at the Grand Accelerateur National dIons Lourds (GANIL), Franc
e. The AGATA spectrometer was used in conjunction with the auxiliary NEDA, Neutron Wall, and DIAMANT detector arrays to measure coincident prompt $gamma$-rays, neutrons, and charged particles emitted in the reaction. A level scheme of $^{87}$Tc from the (9/2$^{+}_{g.s.}$) state to the (33/2$^{+}_{1}$) state was established based on 6 mutually coincident $gamma$-ray transitions. The constructed level structure exhibits a rotational behavior with a sharp backbending at $hbaromegaapprox 0.50$ MeV. A decrease in alignment frequency and increase in alignment sharpness in the odd-mass isotonic chains around $N=44$ is proposed as an effect of the enhanced isoscalar neutron-proton interactions in odd-mass nuclei when approaching the $N=Z$ line.
Using 980.6 $rm fb^{-1}$ of data collected with the Belle detector operating at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we present a measurement of the branching fraction of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay $Lambda_c^+ to p omega$. A clear $
Lambda_c^+$ signal is observed for $Lambda_c^+ to p omega$ with a statistical significance of 9.1 standard deviations, and we measure the ratio of branching fractions ${cal B}(Lambda_c^+ to p omega)/{cal B}(Lambda_c^+ to p K^- pi^+) = (1.32 pm 0.12 (rm stat) pm 0.10 (rm syst))times 10^{-2}$, from which we infer the branching fraction ${cal B}(Lambda_c^+ to p omega) = (8.27 pm 0.75 (rm stat) pm 0.62 (rm syst) pm 0.42 (rm ref))times 10^{-4}$. The first quoted uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the reference mode $Lambda_c^+ to p K^- pi^+$.
The Hankel matrix of type B Narayana polynomials was proved to be totally positive by Wang and Zhu, and independently by Sokal. Pan and Zeng raised the problem of giving a planar network proof of this result. In this paper, we present such a proof by
constructing a planar network allowing negative weights, applying the Lindstrom-Gessel-Viennot lemma and establishing an involution on the set of nonintersecting families of directed paths.
Drug combination therapy has become a increasingly promising method in the treatment of cancer. However, the number of possible drug combinations is so huge that it is hard to screen synergistic drug combinations through wet-lab experiments. Therefor
e, computational screening has become an important way to prioritize drug combinations. Graph neural network have recently shown remarkable performance in the prediction of compound-protein interactions, but it has not been applied to the screening of drug combinations. In this paper, we proposed a deep learning model based on graph neural networks and attention mechanism to identify drug combinations that can effectively inhibit the viability of specific cancer cells. The feature embeddings of drug molecule structure and gene expression profiles were taken as input to multi-layer feedforward neural network to identify the synergistic drug combinations. We compared DeepDDS with classical machine learning methods and other deep learning-based methods on benchmark data set, and the leave-one-out experimental results showed that DeepDDS achieved better performance than competitive methods. Also, on an independent test set released by well-known pharmaceutical enterprise AstraZeneca, DeepDDS was superior to competitive methods by more than 16% predictive precision. Furthermore, we explored the interpretability of the graph attention network, and found the correlation matrix of atomic features revealed important chemical substructures of drugs. We believed that DeepDDS is an effective tool that prioritized synergistic drug combinations for further wet-lab experiment validation.
Quantum state transport is an important way to study the energy or information flow. By combining the unconventional Rydberg pumping mechanism and the diagonal form of van der Waals interactions, we construct a theoretical model via second-order pert
urbation theory to realize a long-range coherent transport inside the ground-state manifold of neutral atoms system. With the adjustment of the Rabi frequencies and the interatomic distance, this model can be used to simulate various single-excitation dynamics such as Heisenberg $XX$ spin chain, perfect quantum state transfer, Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, and chiral ground-state current, which effectively avoid the influence of atomic spontaneous emission at the same time. Moreover, the mismatch of the unconventional Rydberg pumping condition caused by the fluctuation of the atomic position only affects the period of quantum state transfer rather than the fidelity of state. Therefore, our work provides a robust and easy-implemented scheme for quantum-state engineering with neutral atoms.
In this paper we give some sufficient conditions for the nonnegativity of immanants of square submatrices of Catalan-Stieltjes matrices and their corresponding Hankel matrices. To obtain these sufficient conditions, we construct new planar networks w
ith a recursive nature for Catalan-Stieltjes matrices. As applications, we provide a unified way to produce inequalities for many combinatorial polynomials, such as the Eulerian polynomials, Schr{o}der polynomials and Narayana polynomials.
We report on an unusually bright observation of PSR J2051$-$0827 recorded during a regular monitoring campaign of black-widow pulsar systems with the Effelsberg 100-m telescope. Through fortunate coincidence, a particularly bright scintillation maxim
um is simultaneous with the eclipse by the companion, enabling precise measurements of variations in the flux density, dispersion measure (DM), and scattering strength throughout the eclipse. The flux density is highly variable throughout the eclipse, with a peak 1.7 times the average away from the eclipse, and yet does not significantly decrease on average. We recover the flux density variations from the measured DM variations using geometric optics, with a relative velocity as the only free parameter. We measure an effective velocity of (470 $pm$ 10) km/s, consistent with the relative orbital motion of the companion, suggesting that the outflow velocity of the lensing material is low, or is directly along the line of sight. The 2 per cent uncertainty on the effective velocity is a formal error; systematics related to our current model are likely to dominate, and we detail several extensions to the model to be considered in a full treatment of lensing. This is a demonstration of the causal link between DM and lensing; the flux density variations can be predicted directly through the derivatives of DM. Going forward, this approach can be applied to investigate the dynamics of other eclipsing systems, and to investigate the physical nature of scintillation and lensing in the ionized interstellar medium.
Nuclear liquid-gas phase transitions are investigated in the framework of static antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (static AMD) model under either a constant volume or a constant pressure. A deuteron quadrupole momentum fluctuation thermometer is ap
plied to extract the temperature of fragmenting systems of $^{36}$Ar and $^{100}$Sn. A plateau structure of caloric curves is observed under a constant volume for those system with a density $rho leq$ 0.03 fm$^{-3}$. A clear backbending in the caloric curves, which indicates a first order phase transition, is observed under a constant pressure with all pressures studied. The similar behavior of caloric curves of $^{36}$Ar and $^{100}$Sn systems indicates that there is no strong system size effect under a constant volume or a constant pressure. Both the mass distributions and the light particle multiplicities show a strong $alpha$ clusterization at low excitation energies in the static AMD simulations. The liquid-gas phase transition measures of the multiplicity derivative (dM/dT) and the normalized variance of $Z_{max}$ (NVZ) are applied. The experimental caloric curves are also compared with those of $^{100}$Sn of the static AMD simulations under both the constant volume and the constant pressure conditions. Discussions are presented with the available experimental results and those from the static AMD simulations. Large errors in the experimental temperature measurements and those in the reconstruction technique for the primary fragmenting source hinder to draw a conclusion whether the phase transition occurs under either a constant volume or a constant pressure. This study suggests that different measures for the liquid-gas phase transitions should be examined besides the caloric curves in order to draw a conclusion.
