Electron-spin nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond are a natural candidate to act as a quantum memory for superconducting qubits because of their large collective coupling and long coherence times. We report here the first demonstration of stron
g coupling and coherent exchange of a single quantum of energy between a flux-qubit and an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy color centers.
We analyzed the Josephson bifurcation amplifier (JBA) readout process of a superconducting qubit quantum mechanically. This was achieved by employing numerical analyses of the dynamics of the density operator of a driven nonlinear oscillator and a qu
bit coupled system during the measurement process. In purely quantum cases, the wavefunction of the JBA is trapped in a quasienergy-state, and bifurcation is impossible. Introducing decoherence enables us to reproduce the bifurcation with a finite hysteresis. Moreover, we discuss in detail the dynamics involved when a qubit is initially in a superposition state. We have observed the qubit-probe (JBA) entangled state and it is divided into two separable states at the moment of the JBA transition begins. This corresponds to projection. To readout the measurement result, however, we must wait until the two JBA states are macroscopically well separated. The waiting time is determined by the strength of the decoherence in the JBA.
