Let $mathcal{M}$ be a semifinite von Neumann algebra. We equip the associated noncommutative $L_p$-spaces with their natural operator space structure introduced by Pisier via complex interpolation. On the other hand, for $1<p<infty$ let $$L_{p,p}(mat
hcal{M})=big(L_{infty}(mathcal{M}),,L_{1}(mathcal{M})big)_{frac1p,,p}$$ be equipped with the operator space structure via real interpolation as defined by the second named author ({em J. Funct. Anal}. 139 (1996), 500--539). We show that $L_{p,p}(mathcal{M})=L_{p}(mathcal{M})$ completely isomorphically if and only if $mathcal{M}$ is finite dimensional. This solves in the negative the three problems left open in the quoted work of the second author. We also show that for $1<p<infty$ and $1le qleinfty$ with $p eq q$ $$big(L_{infty}(mathcal{M};ell_q),,L_{1}(mathcal{M};ell_q)big)_{frac1p,,p}=L_p(mathcal{M}; ell_q)$$ with equivalent norms, i.e., at the Banach space level if and only if $mathcal{M}$ is isomorphic, as a Banach space, to a commutative von Neumann algebra. Our third result concerns the following inequality: $$ big|big(sum_ix_i^qbig)^{frac1q}big|_{L_p(mathcal{M})}lebig|big(sum_ix_i^rbig)^{frac1r}big|_{L_p(mathcal{M})} $$ for any finite sequence $(x_i)subset L_p^+(mathcal{M})$, where $0<r<q<infty$ and $0<pleinfty$. If $mathcal{M}$ is not isomorphic, as a Banach space, to a commutative von Meumann algebra, then this inequality holds if and only if $pge r$.
We develop a connection between tripartite information $I_3$, secret sharing protocols and multi-unitaries. This leads to explicit ((2,3)) threshold schemes in arbitrary dimension minimizing tripartite information $I_3$. As an application we show tha
t Page scrambling unitaries simultaneously work for all secrets shared by Alice. Using the $I_3$-Ansatz for imperfect sharing schemes we discover examples of VIP sharing schemes.
We study the symmetrized noncommutative arithmetic geometric mean inequality introduced(AGM) by Recht and R{e} $$ |frac{(n-d)!}{n!}sumlimits_{{ j_1,...,j_d mbox{ different}} }A_{j_{1}}^*A_{j_{2}}^*...A_{j_{d}}^*A_{j_{d}}...A_{j_{2}}A_{j_{1}} | leq
C(d,n) |frac{1}{n} sum_{j=1}^n A_j^*A_j|^d .$$ Complementing the results from Recht and R{e}, we find upper bounds for C(d,n) under additional assumptions. Moreover, using free probability, we show that $C(d, n) > 1$, thereby disproving the most optimistic conjecture from Recht and R{e}.We also prove a deviation result for the symmetrized-AGM inequality which shows that the symmetric inequality almost holds for many classes of random matrices. Finally we apply our results to the incremental gradient method(IGM).
We consider the reduction of problems on general noncommutative $L_p$-spaces to the corresponding ones on those associated with finite von Neumann algebras. The main tool is a unpublished result of the first named author which approximates any noncom
mutative $L_p$-space by tracial ones. We show that under some natural conditions a map between two von Neumann algebras extends to their crossed products by a locally compact abelian group or to their noncommutative $L_p$-spaces. We present applications of these results to the theory of noncommutative martingale inequalities by reducing most recent general noncommutative martingale/ergodic inequalities to those in the tracial case.
This paper is withdrawn. We found a mistake in Lemma 4.1
We show norm estimates for the sum of independent random variables in noncommutative $L_p$-spaces for $1<p<infty$ following our previous work. These estimates generalize the classical Rosenthal inequality in the commutative case. Among applications,
we derive an equivalence for the $p$-norm of the singular values of a random matrix with independent entries, and characterize those symmetric subspaces and unitary ideals which can be realized as subspaces of a noncommutative $L_p$ for $2<p<infty$.
