Over the last decade, cosmological observations have attained a level of precision which allows for very detailed comparison with theoretical predictions. We are beginning to learn the answers to some fundamental questions, using information containe
d in Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy (CMBA) data. In this talk, we briefly review some studies of the current and prospected constraints imposed by CMBA measurements on the neutrino physics and on the dark energy. As it was already announced by Scott (1999), we present some possible new physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background.
These lecture notes intend to form a short pedagogical introduction to the use of typical type Ia-Supernovae (hereafter SNIa) as standard candles to determine the energy density of the universe. Problems of principle for taking SNIa as cosmological p
robes are pointed out, and new attempts at solving them are indicated including the empirical width-luminosity relation and its possible explanations. Finally, the observations of SNIa at high redshift carried out by two major teams are briefly reviewed and their interpretation as evidence for an accelerating universe is also rapidly discussed.
