Quasi-bound states and continuum absorption background of polar Al0.5Ga0.5N/GaN quantum dots

A theoretical interpretation of the photoluminescence excitation spectra of self-organized polar GaN/(Al,Ga)N quantum dots is proposed. A numerical method assuming a realistic shape of the dots and including the built-in electric field effects is developed to calculate their energy structure and hence their optical absorption. The electron and hole spectra show the existence of a set of quasi-bound states that does not originate from the wetting layer, and plays a crucial role in the observed absorption spectrum of the GaN/(Al,Ga)N dots. Transitions involving these quasi-bound states and wetting layer states give a sufficient explanation for the observed continuum absorption background. The properties of this absorption band, especially its extension, depend strongly on the dots size. Our simulation provides a natural explanation of the experimental luminescence excitation spectra of ensembles of dots of different heights. Our theoretical model can be extended to cases where the confinement potentials are complicated by the presence of a stronger electric field.

Doubling the Critical Current Density of High Temperature Superconducting Coated Conductors through Proton Irradiation

The in-field critical current of commercial YBa2Cu3O7 coated conductors can be substantially enhanced by post-fabrication irradiation with 4 MeV protons. Irradiation to a fluence of 8x10^16 p/cm^2 induces a near doubling of the critical current in fields of 6 T || c at a temperature of 27 K, a field and temperature range of interest for applications such as rotating machinery. A mixed pinning landscape of preexisting precipitates and twin boundaries and small, finely dispersed irradiation induced defects may account for the improved vortex pinning in high magnetic fields. Our data indicate that there is significant head-room for further enhancements.