Head-to-head domain walls in one-dimensional nanostructures: an extended phase diagram ranging from strips to cylindrical wires

So far magnetic domain walls in one-dimensional structures have been described theoretically only in the cases of flat strips, or cylindrical structures with a compact cross-section, either square or disk. Here we describe an extended phase diagram unifying the two pictures, extensively covering the (width,thickness) space. It is derived on the basis of symmetry and phase-transition arguments, and micromagnetic simulations. A simple classification of all domain walls in two varieties is proposed on the basis of their topology: either with a combined transverse/vortex character, or of the Bloch-point type. The exact arrangement of magnetization within each variety results mostly from the need to decrease dipolar energy, giving rise to asymmetric and curling structures. Numerical evaluators are introduced to quantify curling, and scaling laws are derived analytically for some of the iso-energy lines of the phase diagram.

Fast computation of magnetostatic fields by Non-uniform Fast Fourier Transforms

The bottleneck of micromagnetic simulations is the computation of the long-ranged magnetostatic fields. This can be tackled on regular N-node grids with Fast Fourier Transforms in time N logN, whereas the geometrically more versatile finite element methods (FEM) are bounded to N^4/3 in the best case. We report the implementation of a Non-uniform Fast Fourier Transform algorithm which brings a N logN convergence to FEM, with no loss of accuracy in the results.