Disentangling the NIR/optical emission of the black hole XTE J1650-500 during outburst

While the sources of X-ray and radio emission in the different states of low-mass X-ray binaries are relatively well understood, the origin of the near-infrared (NIR) and optical emission is more often debated. It is likely that the NIR/optical flux originates from an amalgam of different emission regions, because it occurs at the intersecting wavelengths of multiple processes. We aim to identify the NIR/optical emission region(s) of one such low-mass X-ray binary and black hole candidate, XTE J1650-500, via photometric, timing, and spectral analyses. We present unique NIR/optical images and spectra, obtained with the ESO-New Technology Telescope, during the peak of the 2001 outburst of XTE J1650-500. The data suggest that the NIR/optical flux is due to a combination of emission mechanisms including a significant contribution from X-ray reprocessing and, at early times in the hard state, a relativistic jet that is NIR/radio dim compared to similar sources.The jet of XTE J1650-500 is relatively weak compared to that of other black hole low-mass X-ray binaries, possibly because we observe as it is being turned off or quenched at the state transition. While there are several outliers to the radio--X-ray correlation of the hard state of low-mass X-ray binaries, XTE J1650-500 is the first example of an outlier to the NIR/optical--X-ray correlation.

Discovery and identification of infrared counterpart candidates of four Galactic centre low mass X-ray binaries

The near infrared (nIR)/optical counterparts of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are often observationally dim and reside in high source density fields which make their identification problematic; however, without such a counterpart identification we are unable to investigate many of the properties of LMXB systems. Here, in the context of a larger identification campaign, we examine the fields of four LMXB systems near the Galactic centre, in a bid to identify nIR/optical counterparts to the previously detected X-ray point sources. We obtain nIR/optical images of the fields with the ESO - New Technology Telescope and apply standard photometric and astrometric calibrations; these data are supplemented by Spitzer-GLIMPSE catalog data. On the basis of positional coincidence with the arcsecond accurate X-ray positions, we identify unambiguous counterpart candidates for XTE J1637-498, IGR J17379-3747, IGR J17585-3057 and GX 9+1. We propose tentative nIR counterparts of four LMXBs which require further investigation to confirm their associations to the X-ray sources.