The secular perturbations exerted by an inclined satellite orbiting in a gap in a broad planetary ring tends to excite the inclinations of the nearby ring particles, and the rings self-gravity can allow that disturbance to propagate away in the form
of a spiral bending wave. The amplitude of this spiral bending wave is determined, as well as the wavelength, which shrinks as the waves propagate outwards due to the effects of the central planets oblateness. The excitation of these bending waves also damps the satellites inclination I. This secular I damping is also compared to the inclination excitation that is due to the satellites many other vertical resonances in the ring, and the condition for inclination damping is determined. The secular I damping is likely responsible for confining the orbits of Saturns two known gap-embedded moons, Pan and Daphnis, to the ring plane.
