We study analytically the plasmonic modes in the graphene-coated dielectric nanowire, based on the explicit form of nonlinear surface conductivity of graphene. The propagation constants of different plasmonic modes can be tuned by the input power at
the order of a few tenths of mW. The lower and upper mode bifurcation branches are connected at the limitation value of the input power. Moreover, due to the nonlinearity of graphene, the dispersion curves of plasmonic modes at different input powers form an energy band, which is in sharp contrast with the single dispersion curve in the limit of zero input power.
The method of coordinate transformation offers a way to realize perfect cloaks, but provides less ability to characterize the performance of a multilayered cloak in practice. Here, we propose an analytical model to predict the performance of a multil
ayered cylindrical cloak, based on which, the cloak in practice can be optimized to diminish the intrinsic scatterings caused by discretization and simplification. Extremely low scattering or quasi-perfect invisibility can be achieved with only a few layers of anisotropic metamaterials without following the transformation method. Meanwhile, the permittivity and permeability parameters of the layers are relatively small, which is a remarkable advantage of our approach.
A new recipe for concealing objects from detection is suggested. Different with traditional cloak which deflects light around the core of the cloak to make the object inside invisible, our cloak guides the light to penetrate the core of the cloak but
without striking some region of the cloak shell - the so called folded region. Full wave analytical calculation shows that this cloak will lead to a scattering enhancement instead of scattering reduction in contrast to the traditional cloak; the scattered field distribution can also be changed as if the scatterer is moved from its original position. Such interesting phenomenon indicates the proposed cloak can be used to disguise the true information of the object, e.g. the position, the size, etc, and further mislead the observer and avoid being detected.
In order to reduce the difficulties in the experimental realizations of the cloak but still keep good performance of invisibility, we proposed a perfect cylindrical invisibility cloak with spatially invariant axial material parameters. The advantage
of this kind of TE (or TM) cloak is that only rho and phi components of mu (or epsilon) are spatially variant, which makes it possible to realize perfect invisibility with two-dimensional (2D) magnetic (or electric) metamaterials. The effects of perturbations of the parameters on the performance of this cloak are quantitatively analyzed by scattering theory. Our work provides a simple and feasible solution to the experimental realization of cloaks with ideal parameters.
The electromagnetic field solution for a spherical invisibility cloak with an active device inside is established. Extraordinary electric and magnetic surface voltages are induced at the inner boundary of a spherical cloak, which prevent electromagne
tic waves from going out. The phase and handness of polarized waves obliquely incident on such boundaries is kept in the reflected waves. The surface voltages due to an electric dipole inside the concealed region are found equal to the auxiliary scalar potentials at the inner boundary, which consequently gain physical counterparts in this case.
We use coordinate transformation theory to realize substrates that can modify the emission of an embedded source. Simulation results show that with proper transformation functions the energy radiated by a source embedded in these space variant media
will be concentrated in a narrow beam. The thickness of the slab achieved with our transformations will no longer be restricted by the evanescent modes and the source can be placed at any position along the boundary of the substrate without affecting the radiation pattern. We also discuss the case where reduced parameters are used, which still performs well and is physically realizable.
We investigate a general class of electromagnetic devices created with any continuous transformation functions by rigorously calculating the analytical expressions of the electromagnetic field in the whole space. Some interesting phenomena associated
with these transformation devices, including the invisibility cloaks, concentrators, and field rotators, are discussed. By carefully choosing the transformation function, we can realize cloaks which are insensitive to perturbations at both the inner and outer boundaries. Furthermore, we find that when the coating layer of the concentrator is realized with left-handed materials, energy will circulate between the coating and the core, and the energy transmits through the core of the concentrator can be much bigger than that transmits through the concentrator. Therefore, such concentrator is also a power flux amplifier. Finally, we propose a spherical field rotator, which functions as not only a wave vector rotator, but also a polarization rotator, depending on the orientations of the spherical rotator with respect to the incident wave direction. The functionality of these novel transformation devices are all successfully confirmed by our analytical full wave method, which also provides an alternate computational efficient validation method in contrast to numerical validation methods.
