This is an update of the two articles [H.Y. Cheng, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A {bf 24} (Suppl. 1), 593 (2009); Front. Phys. {bf 10}, 101406 (2015)] in which charmed baryon physics around 2007 and 2015, respectively, were reviewed. In this review we emphasiz
e the experimental progress and the theoretical development since 2015.
The hadronic two-body weak decays of the doubly charmed baryons $Xi_{cc}^{++}, Xi_{cc}^+$ and $Omega_{cc}^+$ are studied in this work. To estimate the nonfactorizable contributions, we work in the pole model for the $P$-wave amplitudes and current al
gebra for $S$-wave ones. For the $Xi_{cc}^{++}to Xi_c^+pi^+$ mode, we find a large destructive interference between factorizable and nonfactorizable contributions for both $S$- and $P$-wave amplitudes. Our prediction of $sim 0.70%$ for its branching fraction is smaller than the earlier estimates in which nonfactorizable effects were not considered, but agrees nicely with the result based on an entirely different approach, namely, the covariant confined quark model. On the contrary, a large constructive interference was found in the $P$-wave amplitude by Dhir and Sharma, leading to a branching fraction of order $(7-16)%$. Using the current results for the absolute branching fractions of $(Lambda_c^+,Xi_c^+)to p K^-pi^+$ and the LHCb measurement of $Xi_{cc}^{++}toXi_c^+pi^+$ relative to $Xi_{cc}^{++}toLambda_c^+ K^- pi^+pi^+$, we obtain $B(Xi_{cc}^{++}toXi_c^+pi^+)_{rm expt}approx (1.83pm1.01)%$ after employing the latest prediction of $B(Xi_{cc}^{++}toSigma_c^{++}overline{K}^{*0})$. Our prediction of $mathcal{B}(Xi_{cc}^{++}toXi_c^+pi^+)approx 0.7%$ is thus consistent with the experimental value but in the lower end. It is important to pin down the branching fraction of this mode in future study. Factorizable and nonfactorizable $S$-wave amplitudes interfere constructively in $Xi_{cc}^+toXi_c^0pi^+$. Its large branching fraction of order 4% may enable experimentalists to search for the $Xi_{cc}^+$ through this mode. That is, the $Xi_{cc}^+$ is reconstructed through the $Xi_{cc}^+toXi_c^0pi^+$ followed by the decay chain $Xi_c^0to Xi^-pi^+to ppi^-pi^-pi^+$.
We investigate the prospects for discovering a top quark decaying into one light Higgs boson along with a charm quark in top quark pair production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A general two Higgs doublet model is adopted to study the sign
ature of flavor changing neutral Higgs decay $t to cphi^0$, %or $bar{t} to bar{c}phi^0$ where $phi^0$ could be CP-even ($H^0$) or CP-odd ($A^0$). The dominant physics background is evaluated with realistic acceptance cuts as well as tagging and mistagging efficiencies. For a reasonably large top-charm-Higgs coupling ($lambda_{tc}/lambda_{t} agt 0.09$), the abundance of signal events and the %that our acceptance cuts reduction in physics background allow us to establish a $5sigma$ signal for $M_phi sim 125$ GeV at the LHC with a center of mass energy ($sqrt{s}$) of 8 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 20 fb$^{-1}$. The discovery potential will be greatly enhanced with the full energy of $sqrt{s} = 14$ TeV.
