A high intensity laser-solid interaction invariably drives a non-thermal fast electron current through the target, however characterizing these fast electron distributions can prove difficult. An understanding of how these electrons propagate through
dense materials is of fundamental interest and has applications relevant to fast ignition schemes and ion acceleration. Here, we utilize an upgraded version of the Hybrid code ZEPHYROS to demonstrate how the resulting k-alpha emission from such an interaction can be used as a diagnostic to obtain the characteristic temperature, divergence and total energy of the fast electron population.
We introduce here the equations of magneto-quantum-radiative hydrodynamics. By rewriting them in a dimensionless form, we obtain a set of parameters that describe scale-dependent ratios of all the characteristic hydrodynamic quantities. We discuss ho
w these dimensionless parameters relate to the scaling between astrophysical observations and laboratory experiments.
We investigate using numerical simulations the domain of applicability of the hydrodynamic description of classical fluids at and near equilibrium. We find this to be independent of the degree of many-body correlations in the system; the range r_c of
the microscopic interactions completely determines the maximum wavenumber k_{max} at which the hydrodynamic description is applicable by k_{max}r_c ~ 0.43. For the important special case of the Coulomb potential of infinite range, we show that the ordinary hydrodynamic description is never valid.
