We apply duality transformation to the Abelian Higgs model in 3+1 dimensions in the presence of electrons coupled to the gauge field. The Higgs field is in the symmetry broken phase, when flux strings can form. Dualization brings in an antisymmetric
tensor potential $B_{mu u}$,, which couples to the electrons through a nonlocal interaction which can be interpreted as a coupling to the spin current. It also couples to the string worldsheet and gives rise to a string Higgs mechanism via the condensation of flux strings. In the phase where the $B_{mu u}$ field is massless, the nonlocal interaction implies a linearly rising attractive force between the electrons.
The dynamics of fermions in curved spacetime is governed by a spin connection, a part of which is contorsion, an auxiliary field independent of the metric, without dynamics but fully expressible in terms of the axial current density of fermions. Its
effect is the appearance of a quartic interaction involving all fermions. Contorsion can couple to left and right-handed fermions with different strengths, leading to an effective mass for fermions propagating on a background containing fermionic matter.
We consider the Abelian Higgs model in 3+1 dimensions with vortex lines, into which charged fermions are introduced. This could be viewed as a model of a type-II superconductor with unpaired electrons (or holes), analogous to the boson-fermion model
of high-$T_c$ superconductors but one in which the bosons and fermions interact only through the electromagnetic gauge field. We investigate the dual formulation of this model, which is in terms of a massive antisymmetric tensor gauge field $B_{mu u}$ mediating the interaction of the vortex lines. This field couples to the fermions through a nonlocal spin-gauge interaction term. We then calculate the quantum correction due to the fermions at one loop and show that due to the presence of this new nonlocal term a topological $B wedge F$ interaction is induced in the effective action, leading to an increase in the mass of both the photon and the tensor gauge field. Additionally, we find a Coulomb potential between the electrons, but with a large dielectric constant generated by the one-loop effects.
We analyze the constraints of gauge theories on Kerr and Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes, which contain one or more horizons. We find that the constraints are modified on such backgrounds through the presence of additional surface terms at the horizons. As
a concrete example, we consider the Maxwell field and find that the Gauss law constraint involves surface corrections at the horizons. These surface contributions correspond to induced surface charges and currents on the horizons, which agree with those found within the membrane paradigm. The modification of the Gauss law constraint also influences the gauge fixing and Dirac brackets of the theory.
We apply the Dirac-Bergmann algorithm for the analysis of constraints to gauge theories defined on spherically symmetric black hole backgrounds. We find that the constraints for a given theory are modified on such spacetimes through the presence of a
dditional contributions from the horizon. As a concrete example, we consider the Maxwell field on a black hole background, and determine the role of the horizon contributions on the dynamics of the theory.
We investigate the conformal transformation of vierbein-Einstein-Palatini (VEP) action in terms of tetrads $e^I_mu$ and spin connection $A^{IJ}_mu$. The transformation of the spin connection is indeterminate off-shell unless equations of motion are s
atisfied. We construct the conformally invariant scalar field in the torsion-free VEP formalism. In presence of fermionic matter, torsion does not vanish, and shows up in the dynamics of conformal scalar, affecting the invariance. It is not possible to maintain conformal invariance of the scalar field equation when fermions are present.
We investigate the effect of a small, gauge-invariant mass of the gluon on the anomalous chromomagnetic moment of quarks (ACM) by perturbative calculations at one loop level. The mass of the gluon is taken to have been generated via a topological mas
s generation mechanism, in which the gluon acquires a mass through its interaction with an antisymmetric tensor field $B_{mu u}$. For a small gluon mass $(<10$ MeV), we calculate the ACM at momentum transfer $q^2=-M_Z^2$. We compare those with the ACM calculated for the gluon mass arising from a Proca mass term. We find that the ACM of up, down, strange and charm quarks vary significantly with the gluon mass, while the ACM of top and bottom quarks show negligible gluon mass dependence. The mechanism of gluon mass generation is most important for the strange quarks ACM, but not so much for the other quarks. We also show the results at $q^2=-m_t^2$. We find that the dependence on gluon mass at $q^2=-m_t^2$ is much less than at $q^2=-M_Z^2$ for all quarks.
In this paper we derive the inverse spatial Laplacian for static, spherically symmetric backgrounds by solving Poissons equation for a point source. This is different from the electrostatic Green function, which is defined on the four dimensional sta
tic spacetime, while the equation we consider is defined on the spatial hypersurface of such spacetimes. This Green function is relevant in the Hamiltonian dynamics of theories defined on spherically symmetric backgrounds, and closed form expressions for the solutions we find are absent in the literature. We derive an expression in terms of elementary functions for the Schwarzschild spacetime, and comment on the relation of this solution with the known Green function of the spacetime Laplacian operator. We also find an expression for the Green function on the static pure de Sitter space in terms of hypergeometric functions.
We consider two Higgs doublet models with a softly broken U(1) symmetry, for various limiting values of the scalar mixing angles $alpha$ and $beta$. These correspond to the Standard Model Higgs particle being the lighter CP-even scalar (alignment) or
the heavier CP-even scalar (reverse alignment), and also the limit in which some of the Yukawa couplings of this particle are of the opposite sign from the vector boson couplings (wrong sign). In these limits we impose a criterion for naturalness by demanding that quadratic divergences cancel at one loop. We plot the allowed masses of the remaining physical scalars based on naturalness, stability, perturbative unitarity and constraints coming from the $rho$ parameter. We also calculate the $hto gammagamma$ decay rate in the wrong sign limit.
We consider the weak field limit of gravity in the vierbein-Einstein-Palatini formalism, find the action and the equations for perturbations around an arbitrary background, and compare them with the usual metric perturbation equations. We also write
the Fierz-Pauli equations for massive gravitons on an arbitrary curved background in this formalism.
