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Register a new userLocal and non-local multiplicative Poisson vertex algebras and differential-difference equations
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We develop the notions of multiplicative Lie conformal and Poisson vertex algebras, local and non-local, and their connections to the theory of integrable differential-difference Hamiltonian equations. We establish relations of these notions to $q$-deformed $W$-algebras and lattice Poisson algebras. We introduce the notion of Adler type pseudodifference operators and apply them to integrability of differential-difference Hamiltonian equations.
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We introduce the notion of a multiplicative Poisson $lambda$-bracket, which plays the same role in the theory of Hamiltonian differential-difference equations as the usual Poisson $lambda$-bracket plays in the theory of Hamiltonian PDE. We classify multiplicative Poisson $lambda$-brackets in one difference variable up to order 5. Applying the Lenard-Magri scheme to a compatible pair of multiplicative Poisson $lambda$-brackets of order 1 and 2, we establish integrability of some differential-difference equations, generalizing the Volterra chain.
We show that sheet closures appear as associated varieties of affine vertex algebras. Further, we give new examples of non-admissible affine vertex algebras whose associated variety is contained in the nilpotent cone. We also prove some conjectures from our previous paper and give new examples of lisse affine W-algebras.
Master equations are a useful tool to describe the evolution of open quantum systems. In order to characterize the mathematical features and the physical origin of the dynamics, it is often useful to consider different kinds of master equations for the same system. Here, we derive an exact connection between the time-local and the integro-differential descriptions, focusing on the class of commutative dynamics. The use of the damping-basis formalism allows us to devise a general procedure to go from one master equation to the other and vice-versa, by working with functions of time and their Laplace transforms only. We further analyze the Lindbladian form of the time-local and the integro-differential master equations, where we account for the appearance of different sets of Lindbladian operators. In addition, we investigate a Redfield-like approximation, that transforms the exact integro-differential equation into a time-local one by means of a coarse graining in time. Besides relating the structure of the resulting master equation to those associated with the exact dynamics, we study the effects of the approximation on Markovianity. In particular, we show that, against expectation, the coarse graining in time can possibly introduce memory effects, leading to a violation of a divisibility property of the dynamics.
An algebraic method is devised to look for non-local symmetries of the pseudopotential type of nonlinear field equations. The method is based on the use of an infinite-dimensional subalgebra of the prolongation algebra $L$ associated with the equations under consideration. Our approach, which is applied by way of example to the Dym and the Korteweg-de Vries equations, allows us to obtain a general formula for the infinitesimal operator of the non-local symmetries expressed in terms of elements of $L$. The method could be exploited to investigate the symmetry properties of other nonlinear field equations possessing nontrivial prolongations.
This note is designed to show some classes of differential-difference equations admitting Lax representation which generalize evolutionary equations known in the literature.
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