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Register a new userSpin-Orbit Coupling and Electronic Correlations in Sr2RuO4
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We investigate the interplay of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and electronic correlations in Sr2RuO4 using dynamical mean-field theory. We find that SOC does not affect the correlation-induced renormalizations, which validates the Hunds metal picture of ruthenates even in the presence of the sizable SOC relevant to these materials. Nonetheless, SOC found to change significantly the electronic structure at k-points where a degeneracy applies in its absence. We explain why these two observations are consistent with one another and calculate effects of SOC on the correlated electronic structure. The magnitude of these effects is found to depend on the energy of the quasiparticle state under consideration, leading us to introduce the notion of an energy-dependent quasiparticle spin-orbit coupling. This notion is generally applicable to all materials in which both the spin-orbit coupling and electronic correlations are sizable.
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We present a first-principle study of spin-orbit coupling effects on the Fermi surface of Sr2RuO4 and Sr2RhO4. For nearly degenerate bands, spin-orbit coupling leads to a dramatic change of the Fermi surface with respect to non-relativistic calculations; as evidenced by the comparison with experiments on Sr2RhO4, it cannot be disregarded. For Sr2RuO4, the Fermi surface modifications are more subtle but equally dramatic in the detail: spin-orbit coupling induces a strong momentum dependence, normal to the RuO2 planes, for both orbital and spin character of the low-energy electronic states. These findings have profound implications for the understanding of unconventional superconductivity in Sr2RuO4.
In atomic physics, the Hund rule says that the largest spin and orbital state is realized due to the interplay of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and the Coulomb interactions. Here, we show that in ferromagnetic solids the effective SOC and the orbital magnetic moment can be dramatically enhanced by a factor of $1/[1-(2U^prime-U-J_H)rho_0]$, where $U$ and $U^prime$ are the on-site Coulomb interaction within the same oribtals and between different orbitals, respectively, $J_H$ is the Hund coupling, and $rho_0$ is the average density of states. This factor is obtained by using the two-orbital as well as five-orbital Hubbard models with SOC. We also find that the spin polarization is more favorable than the orbital polarization, being consistent with experimental observations. This present work provides a fundamental basis for understanding the enhancements of SOC and orbital moment by Coulomb interactions in ferromagnets, which would have wide applications in spintronics.
We explore the interplay of electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit coupling in the model Fermi liquid Sr2RuO4 using laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our precise measurement of the Fermi surface confirms the importance of spin-orbit coupling in this material and reveals that its effective value is enhanced by a factor of about two, due to electronic correlations. The self-energies for the $beta$ and $gamma$ sheets are found to display significant angular dependence. By taking into account the multi-orbital composition of quasiparticle states, we determine self-energies associated with each orbital component directly from the experimental data. This analysis demonstrates that the perceived angular dependence does not imply momentum-dependent many-body effects, but arises from a substantial orbital mixing induced by spin-orbit coupling. A comparison to single-site dynamical mean-field theory further supports the notion of dominantly local orbital self-energies, and provides strong evidence for an electronic origin of the observed non-linear frequency dependence of the self-energies, leading to `kinks in the quasiparticle dispersion of Sr2RuO4.
We investigate the antiferromagnetic insulating state of the recently discovered double perovskites Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg) by using ab-initio calculations (based on Density Functional Theory and Dynamical Mean-Field Theory) to elucidate the interplay between electronic correlations and spin-orbit coupling. The structural details of Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg) induce band narrowing effects which enhance local electronic correlations. The half-filled $5d^3$ orbitals of Os in Sr$_2$ScOsO$_6$ fall into a magnetically ordered correlated regime, which is slightly affected and reduced by the spin-orbit coupling. The electronic configuration $5d^2$ of Os in Sr$_2$MgOsO$_6$ responses differently to electronic correlations promoting a less localized state than Sr$_2$ScOsO$_6$ at the same strength of electronic interactions. We find that the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling drives Sr$_2$MgOsO$_6$ toward insulating behaviour and promotes a large tendency in formation of orbital magnetization antiparallel to the spin moment. The formation of the AFM state is linked to the evidence of correlated Hubbard bands in the paramagnetic solution of Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg).
We use the Gutzwiller variational theory to investigate the electronic and the magnetic properties of fcc-Nickel. Our particular focus is on the effects of the spin-orbit coupling. Unlike standard relativistic band-structure theories, we reproduce the experimental magnetic moment direction and we explain the change of the Fermi-surface topology that occurs when the magnetic moment direction is rotated by an external magnetic field. The Fermi surface in our calculation deviates from early de-Haas--van-Alphen (dHvA) results. We attribute these discrepancies to an incorrect interpretation of the raw dHvA data.
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