No Arabic abstract
We investigate the antiferromagnetic insulating state of the recently discovered double perovskites Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg) by using ab-initio calculations (based on Density Functional Theory and Dynamical Mean-Field Theory) to elucidate the interplay between electronic correlations and spin-orbit coupling. The structural details of Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg) induce band narrowing effects which enhance local electronic correlations. The half-filled $5d^3$ orbitals of Os in Sr$_2$ScOsO$_6$ fall into a magnetically ordered correlated regime, which is slightly affected and reduced by the spin-orbit coupling. The electronic configuration $5d^2$ of Os in Sr$_2$MgOsO$_6$ responses differently to electronic correlations promoting a less localized state than Sr$_2$ScOsO$_6$ at the same strength of electronic interactions. We find that the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling drives Sr$_2$MgOsO$_6$ toward insulating behaviour and promotes a large tendency in formation of orbital magnetization antiparallel to the spin moment. The formation of the AFM state is linked to the evidence of correlated Hubbard bands in the paramagnetic solution of Sr$_2$XOsO$_6$ (X$=$Sc, Mg).
We have studied Ir spin and orbital magnetic moments in the double perovskites La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CoIrO$_6$ by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. In La$_2$CoIrO$_6$, Ir$^{4+}$ couples antiferromagnetically to the weak ferromagnetic moment of the canted Co$^{2+}$ sublattice and shows an unusually large negative total magnetic moment (-0.38,$mu_{text B}$/f.u.) combined with strong spin-orbit interaction. In contrast, in Sr$_2$CoIrO$_6$, Ir$^{5+}$ has a paramagnetic moment with almost no orbital contribution. A simple kinetic-energy-driven mechanism including spin-orbit coupling explains why Ir is susceptible to the induction of substantial magnetic moments in the double perovskite structure.
The magnetism of the double perovskite compounds SLFCOx ($x$ = 0, 1, 2) are contrasted using magnetization, neutron diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance with the support from density functional theory calculations. LFCO is identified as a long-range ordered antiferromagnet displaying a near-room temperature transition at $T_N$ = 270~K, accompanied by a low temperature structural phase transition at $T_S$ = 200~K. The structural phase transformation at $T_S$ occurs from $Roverline{3}c$ at 300~K to $Pnma$ at 200~K. The density functional theory calculations support an insulating non-compensated AFM structure. The long-range ordered magnetism of LFCO transforms to short-range glassy magnetism as La is replaced with Sr in the other two compounds. The magnetism of LFCO is differentiated from the non-equilibrium glassy features of SFCO and SLFCO using the {em cooling-and-heating-in-unequal-fields} (CHUF) magnetization protocols. This contransting magnetism in the SLFCOx series is evidenced in electron paramegnetic resonance studies. The electronic density-of-states estimated using the density functional theory calculations contrast the insulating feature of LFCO from the metallic nature of SFCO. From the present suite of experimental and computational results on SLFCOx, it emerges that the electronic degrees of freedom, along with antisite disorder, play an important role in controlling the magnetism observed in double perovskites.
Double-perovskite oxides that contain both 3d and 5d transition metal elements have attracted growing interest as they provide a model system to study the interplay of strong electron interaction and large spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here, we report on experimental and theoretical studies of the magnetic and electronic properties of double-perovskites (La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$)$_2$CuIrO$_6$ ($x$ = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3). The undoped La$_2$CuIrO$_6$ undergoes a magnetic phase transition from paramagnetism to antiferromagnetism at T$_N$ $sim$ 74 K and exhibits a weak ferromagnetic behavior below $T_C$ $sim$ 52 K. Two-dimensional magnetism that was observed in many other Cu-based double-perovskites is absent in our samples, which may be due to the existence of weak Cu-Ir exchange interaction. First-principle density-functional theory (DFT) calculations show canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) order in both Cu$^{2+}$ and Ir$^{4+}$ sublattices, which gives rise to weak ferromagnetism. Electronic structure calculations suggest that La$_2$CuIrO$_6$ is an SOC-driven Mott insulator with an energy gap of $sim$ 0.3 eV. Sr-doping decreases the magnetic ordering temperatures ($T_N$ and $T_C$) and suppresses the electrical resistivity. The high temperatures resistivity can be fitted using a variable-range-hopping model, consistent with the existence of disorders in these double-pervoskite compounds.
Sr$_{3}$ZnIrO$_{6}$ is an effective spin one-half Mott insulating iridate belonging to a family of magnets which includes a number of quasi-one dimensional systems as well as materials exhibiting three dimensional order. Here we present the results of an extensive investigation into the magnetism including heat capacity, a.c. susceptibility, muon spin rotation ($mu$SR), neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering on the same sample. It is established that the material exhibits a transition at about $17$ K into a three-dimensional antiferromagnetic structure with propagation vector $boldsymbol{k}=(0,frac{1}{2},1)$ in the hexagonal setting of R$bar{3}$c and non-collinear moments of $0.87$$mu_B$ on Ir$^{4+}$ ions. Further we have observed a well defined powder averaged spin wave spectrum with zone boundary energy of $sim 5$ meV at $5$ K. We stress that a theoretical analysis shows that the observed non-collinear magnetic structure arises from anisotropic inter- and intra- chain exchange which has its origin in significant spin-orbit coupling. The model can satisfactorily explain the observed spin wave excitations.
The Fe electronic structure and magnetism in (i) monoclinic Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ with a metal-insulator transition at $T_{MI} sim 140$ K and (ii) quasi-cubic half-metallic Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$ ceramic double perovskites are probed by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). These materials show distinct Fe $L_{2,3}$ XAS and XMCD spectra, which are primarily associated with their different average Fe oxidation states (close to Fe$^{3+}$ for Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ and intermediate between Fe$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$ for Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$) despite being related by an isoelectronic (Ca$^{2+}$/Ba$^{2+}$) substitution. For Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$, the powder-averaged Fe spin moment along the field direction ($B = 5$ T), as probed by the XMCD experiment, is strongly reduced in comparison with the spontaneous Fe moment previously obtained by neutron diffraction, consistent with a scenario where the magnetic moments are constrained to remain within an easy plane. For $B=1$ T, the unsaturated XMCD signal is reduced below $T_{MI}$ consistent with a magnetic transition to an easy-axis state that further reduces the powder-averaged magnetization in the field direction. For Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$, the field-aligned Fe spins are larger than for Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ ($B=5$ T) and the temperature dependence of the Fe magnetic moment is consistent with the magnetic ordering transition at $T_C^{Ba} = 305$ K. Our results illustrate the dramatic influence of the specific spin-orbital configuration of Re $5d$ electrons on the Fe $3d$ local magnetism of these Fe/Re double perovskites.