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Register a new userThree-region inequalities for the second order elliptic equation with discontinuous coefficients and size estimate
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In this paper, we would like to derive a quantitative uniqueness estimate, the three-region inequality, for the second order elliptic equation with jump discontinuous coefficients. The derivation of the inequality relies on the Carleman estimate proved in our previous work. We then apply the three-region inequality to study the size estimate problem with one boundary measurement.
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In this paper we prove a local Carleman estimate for second order elliptic equations with a general anisotropic Lipschitz coefficients having a jump at an interface. Our approach does not rely on the techniques of microlocal analysis. We make use of the elementary method so that we are able to impose almost optimal assumptions on the coefficients and, consequently, the interface.
We consider a second-order parabolic equation in $bR^{d+1}$ with possibly unbounded lower order coefficients. All coefficients are assumed to be only measurable in the time variable and locally Holder continuous in the space variables. We show that global Schauder estimates hold even in this case. The proof introduces a new localization procedure. Our results show that the constant appearing in the classical Schauder estimates is in fact independent of the $L_{infty}$-norms of the lower order coefficients. We also give a proof of uniqueness which is of independent interest even in the case of bounded coefficients.
The solvability in $W^{2}_{p}(bR^{d})$ spaces is proved for second-order elliptic equations with coefficients which are measurable in one direction and VMO in the orthogonal directions in each small ball with the direction depending on the ball. This generalizes to a very large extent the case of equations with continuous or VMO coefficients.
The solvability in Sobolev spaces $W^{1,2}_p$ is proved for nondivergence form second order parabolic equations for $p>2$ close to 2. The leading coefficients are assumed to be measurable in the time variable and two coordinates of space variables, and almost VMO (vanishing mean oscillation) with respect to the other coordinates. This implies the $W^{2}_p$-solvability for the same $p$ of nondivergence form elliptic equations with leading coefficients measurable in two coordinates and VMO in the others. Under slightly different assumptions, we also obtain the solvability results when $p=2$.
In this paper, we review some results over the last 10-15 years on elliptic and parabolic equations with discontinuous coefficients. We begin with an approach given by N. V. Krylov to parabolic equations in the whole space with VMO$_x$ coefficients. We then discuss some subsequent development including elliptic and parabolic equations with coefficients which are allowed to be merely measurable in one or two space directions, weighted $L_p$ estimates with Muckenhoupt ($A_p$) weights, non-local elliptic and parabolic equations, as well as fully nonlinear elliptic and parabolic equations.
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