No Arabic abstract
In the development of high efficiency and high gradient RF-accelerators, RF waveguides and cavities have been designed with Photonic Band Gap (PBG) and fishnet- metamaterial structures. The designed structures are comprised of a periodically corrugated channel sandwiched between two photonic crystal slabs with alternating high to low dielectric constants and a multi-cell cavity-resonator designed with fishnet-metamaterial apertures. The structural designs of our interest are intended to only allow an operating-mode or -band within a narrow frequency range to propagate. The simulation analysis shows that trapped non-PBG modes are effectively suppressed down to ~ -14.3 dB/cm, while PBG modes propagated with ~2 dB of insertion loss, corresponding to ~1.14 dB/cm attenuation. The pre- liminary modeling analysis on the fishnet-embedded cavity shows noticeable improvement of Q-factor and field gradient of the operating mode (TM010) compared to those of typical pillbox- or PBG-cavities. Fabrication of the Ka-band PBG-waveguide and S-band fishnet cavity structures is currently underway and they will be tested with a microwave test bench/8510C Network Analyzer and 5.5 MW S-band klystron. These structures can be applied to stable short-bunch formation and mono chromatic radiation in high frequency accelerators.
During the initial phase of operation, the linacs of the Next Linear Collider (NLC) will contain roughly 5000 X-Band accelerator structures that will accelerate beams of electrons and positrons to 250 GeV. These structures will nominally operate at an unloaded gradient of 72 MV/m. As part of the NLC R&D program, several prototype structures have been built and operated at the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) at SLAC. Here, the effect of high gradient operation on the structure performance has been studied. Significant progress was made during the past year after the NLCTA power sources were upgraded to reliably produce the required NLC power levels and beyond. This paper describes the structures, the processing methodology and the observed effects of high gradient operation.
The ever-increasing demand for high speed and large bandwidth has made photonic systems a leading candidate for the next generation of telecommunication and radar technologies. The photonic platform enables high performance while maintaining a small footprint and provides a natural interface with fiber optics for signal transmission. However, producing sharp, narrow-band filters that are competitive with RF components has remained challenging. In this paper, we demonstrate all-silicon RF-photonic multi-pole filters with $sim100times$ higher spectral resolution than previously possible in silicon photonics. This enhanced performance is achieved utilizing engineered Brillouin interactions to access long-lived phonons, greatly extending the available coherence times in silicon. This Brillouin-based optomechanical system enables ultra-narrow (3.5 MHz) multi-pole response that can be tuned over a wide ($sim10$ GHz) spectral band. We accomplish this in an all-silicon optomechanical waveguide system, using CMOS compatible fabrication techniques. In addition to bringing greatly enhanced performance to silicon photonics, we demonstrate reliability and robustness, necessary to transition silicon-based optomechanical technologies from the scientific bench-top to high-impact field-deployable technologies.
RF processing studies of 1.8-m X-band (11.4 GHz) traveling wave structures at the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) have revealed breakdown-related damage at gradients lower than expected from earlier tests with standing wave and shorter, lower group velocity traveling wave structures. To understand this difference, a series of structures with different group velocities and lengths are being processed. In parallel, efforts are being made to improve processing procedures and to reduce structure contaminants and absorbed gases. This paper presents results from these studies.
The PIP-II accelerator is a proposed upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex that will replace the existing, 400 MeV room temperature LINAC with an 800 MeV superconducting LINAC. Part of this upgrade includes a new injection scheme into the booster that levies tight requirements on the LLRF control system for the cavities. In this paper we discuss the challenges of the PIP-II accelerator and the present status of the LLRF system for this project.
The Advanced Superconducting Test Acccelerator (ASTA) is being constructed at Fermilab. The existing New Muon Lab (NML) building is being converted for this facility. The accelerator will consist of an electron gun, injector, beam acceleration section consisting of 3 TTF-type or ILC-type cryomodules, multiple downstream beamlines for testing diagnostics and conducting various beam tests, and a high power beam dump. When completed, it is envisioned that this facility will initially be capable of generating a 750-MeV electron beam with ILC beam intensity. An expansion of this facility was recently completed that will provide the capability to upgrade the accelerator to a total beam energy of 1.5-GeV. Two new buildings were also constructed adjacent to the ASTA facility to house a new cryogenic plant and multiple superconducting RF (SRF) cryomodule test stands. In addition to testing accelerator components, this facility will be used to test RF power systems, instrumentation, and control systems for future SRF accelerators such as the ILC and Project-X. This paper describes the current status and overall plans for this facility.